题目内容

【题目】热带雨林是地球上功能最强大的生态系统,也是生产力最高的生物群落,但同时也是一个非常脆弱的生态系统。据此完成下列小题。

【1】热带雨林生态功能强大的表现是

维护地球上的碳氧平衡 是世界生物基因宝库

提供大量的优质硬木 维持全球的水循环和水平衡

A.①②③ B.②③④

C.①③④ D.①②④

【2】热带雨林的脆弱性表现在

A.生物残体分解快 B.植物生长速度快

C.养分几乎全部储存在地上的植物体内 D.群落以高大的乔木为主

【3】热带雨林被毁的根本原因是

A.人口快速增长和生活贫困 B.发达国家需要大量木材

C.历史遗留的迁移农业 D.热带雨林的土壤贫瘠

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【2】A

【解析】

试题分析:

【1】审题可知,题干考查的是热带雨林的生态功能。提供大量的优质硬木,属于经济效益;维护地球上的碳氧平衡、是世界生物基因宝库、维持全球的水循环和水平衡均属于生态功能,故D项正确。

【2】雨林中土壤贫瘠,养分几乎全部储存在地上的植物体内。雨林植被一旦被毁,被砍伐运走,雨林的养分将严重丧失,地表植物很难恢复,整个生态系统就会陷于崩溃,故雨林是脆弱的,C项正确;生物残体分解快植物生长速度快,群落以高大的乔木为主这些都不是脆弱性的体现,故A、B、D项错误。

【2】该题主要考查热带雨林被毁的根本原因。人们盲目无节制地开发雨林,归根结底都是由于人口快速增长和生活贫困导致的需求增加,故A项正确。

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【题目】Good news for giant panda lovers: The cute and cuddly creature has just been brought back from the brink of extinction. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) downgraded the species from “endangered” to vulnerable as the union released its updated Red List on Sept 4 at Hawaii.

The downgrade came after IUCN data suggested that there were 1,864 giant pandas in the wild in China in 2014 their population has grown by 17 percent in the decade leading up to 2014.

Chinese conservation efforts, including forest protection and reforestation, are considered to be the driving force behind the animal’s resurgence.

“It’s all about restoring the habitats,” Craig Hilton-Taylor, head of the IUCN Red List, told the BBC.

The number of panda reserves in China has also jumped to 67, from 13 in 1992. Nearly two-thirds of all wild pandas live in these reserves, according to the World Wildlife Fund.

“Just by restoring the panda’s habitat, that’s given them back their space and made food available to them,” Hilton-Taylor said.

A loss of habitats, on the contrary, was what caused the number of pandas to drop to just over 1,200 in the 1980s, Hilton-Taylor added.

Apart from giant pandas, the Tibetan Antelope has also moved from “endangered” to “near threatened”. According to a statement from IUCN, the animal’s numbers dwindled severely dropping from around 1 million to an estimated 65,000-72,500 in the 1980s and early 1990s due to commercial poaching. Rigorous(严格的) protection has since been enforced to protect the beasts and the population is now likely to be between 100,000 and 150,000.

Despite the improved statuses, wild animals like the giant panda and the Tibetan Antelope still face great challenges. The IUCN warned, for example, that ongoing threats from climate change could eliminate more than 35 percent of the panda’s bamboo habitat in the next 80 years, which would reverse the species recent gains.

【1】What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in paragraph 1 mean?

A. dangerous and threatened.B. safe and sound.

C. weak and easily hurt.D. normal and common.

【2】Which of the following can account for pandas’ living improvement?

A. Better climate.B. More built reserves.

C. Well restored habitats.D. Aroused public awareness.

【3】The passage is written in order to ________.

A. convinceB. informC. argueD advocate

【4】What does the last paragraph imply?

A. The climate will influence the threatened species.

B. Habitats for giant pandas will decrease sharply.

C. Pandas will go extinct for lack of abundant food.

D. We humans still have a long way to go to protect the endangered species.

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