题目内容

【题目】What does the man plan to do first?

A. To tour in a city.

B. To see his brother.

C. To go back home.

【答案】B

【解析】听力原文：

W: Summer vacation is coming. Have you already got any plan?

M: Not really. But I’m going to head down to Vancouver Island to visit my brother for a few days first. We haven’t seen each other for a couple of years. Then maybe go back home. I’m a little homesick.

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A.A guide. B.A houseman. C.A policeman.

【2】What happened to the woman?

A.Her leg was broken.

B.Her money was stolen.

C.Her briefcase was gone.

【题目】听一段材料，回答下面几个小题。

【1】Why is it easier for the woman to learn English?

A. She often talks to English people.

B. She speaks two languages already.

C. She always does her homework right after class.

【2】Which of the following is suggested by the woman to be a good way of learning English?

A. Reading newspapers.

B. Writing diaries.

C. Reading aloud in the morning.

【3】Why is it difficult for the man to lean English?

A. He doesn't talk to his English teachers.

B. There are no native speakers around him.

C. He is too shy to speak English.

【题目】听一段材料，回答下面几个小题。

【1】Why was the woman a little confused?

A. Because she doesn't know the places.

B. Because she was asked two places.

C. Because she doesn't know the man.

【2】Where will the man want to go?

A. Go to the post office.

B. Go to the Middle School.

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【题目】听一段材料，回答下面几个小题。

【1】What is the woman’s destination?

A. The 16th Street.

B. Battery Park.

C. A bookshop.

【2】Why does she want to make a stop at Union Square?

A. Because she is late.

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【3】What can we know about the man speaker?

A. He is a bus driver.

B. He is a taxi driver.

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【题目】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。

In many parts of the world, cars play an important role in daily life and many societies would not exist without them. 【1】 But this is the prediction made by a team of transport researchers who are taken seriously, not only by government but also by car manufacturers(制造商).

The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the UK is part of an international research program. 【2】 That will mean much saving, no accidents and better use of roads.The super-intelligent car of the 21st century will drive itself, 【3】.Instead, we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.

According to Dr.David Davis, who leads the research team, these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture, which had blocked up our cities, polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together.

Davis says, cars will be fitted with some intelligent devices(装置) to regulate(调节) the distance between one car and another. 【4】 Computers are much safer drivers than people, so cars in a road train will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people.

By 2010, Dr.David Davis believes, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image（影像）of the road ahead on to the car’s windscreen. 【5】 Cars will be connected by an electronic bar to the car in front to form “road-trains”.“ front vehicle in such a train burns the normal amount of fuel.” says Davis.“ But all the others in the train would burn about ten percent of the normal amount, and so produce about ten percent of the pollution.”

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B.They believe that cars will become more important in 20 years.

C.And it will not be owned by one individual.

D.And by 2030, cars will travel in line, linked to each other electronically.

E.So the idea that in 20 years’ time, no one will own cars may be hard to believe.

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【题目】阅读不同时期宋明理学的代表人物的观点，回答问题。

材料一 程颐：“天下只是一个理”“万物皆是理”；朱熹：“存天理，去人欲”。

材料二 朱熹：“一事不穷，则阙了一事道理；一物不格，则阙了一物道理。”

材料三 王守仁：“心即理”“知行合一”“致良知为圣人教人第一义”。

材料四 朱熹：“人之异于禽兽，是父子有亲，君臣有义，夫妇有别，长幼有序，朋友有信。”

材料五 程颐：“饿死事小，失节事大。”

材料六 张载：“为天地立心，为生民立命，为往圣继绝学，为万世开太平。”

（1）材料一中的“理”指什么？他们认为“天理”与“人欲”是什么关系？

（2）材料二和材料三中朱、王关于贯通明理的途径有何差异？

（3）根据以上材料说明宋明理学的主张有哪些可取和不可取的地方？我们今天对宋明理学应采取什么态度？

【题目】阅读下列材料，回答问题。

材料一

顾炎武的《郡县论》认为郡县制是政治最大的弊端，“此民生之所以日贫，中国之所以日弱而益趋于乱也。郡县制是皇帝最大化自己权力和利益的手段，所谓“今之君人者，尽四海之内为我郡县犹不足也，人人而疑之，事事而制之”。中央专权钳制之下，地方社团和地方官毫无积极性可言，致使民穷国弱，而振兴国家的办法就是分权给地方，让地方社团强盛，授地方官以实权，“寓封建之意于郡县之中”，以厚民生和强国势。

——摘编自彭小瑜《以政治人类学质疑“专制主义中央集权”》

材料二

黄宗羲在《明夷待访录》中提出“荼毒天下之肝脑，离散天下之子女”“敲剥天下之骨髓”的君主是人民的“寇仇”，是“独夫”，黄宗羲认为“为天下之大害者，君而已矣”。他主张通过学校和实行法治来监督君权。这种学校具有对天子直言“政有缺失，公其非是”的职能，类似于近代的代议机构。他提出以“天下之法”取代君主的“一家之法”，从而实现“有治法而后有治人”的理想。

（1）根据材料一并结合所学知识，指出顾炎武揭露中国古代政治制度弊端的出发点及其所倡导的振兴国家的途径。

（2）根据材料一、二，指出顾炎武和黄宗羲论述问题的角度的异同点。

（3）根据以上材料并结合所学知识，概括顾炎武、黄宗羲思想的进步作用。

【题目】阅读下列材料，回答问题。

材料一

秦始皇构建了大帝国（政治制度）的框架，组装了硬件，汉武帝确定了大帝国（政治制度）的中枢运作机制，加上了软件。

——金克木《风流汉武两千年》

材料二

皇权为了维系自身权力的专制性，就必须创建出能够突破甚至凌驾于这类束缚和侵蚀力量之上的制度性手段；这种反制衡除了表现为一些非常规性的举措之外，更突出地表现为一种根本性的制度建设，这就是：不断在常规的国家行政官职体系之外，设立由它取代可能限制皇权的外朝官制体系而执掌国家核心机密和极高权力，使皇帝能够通过亲自掌握这一秘书机构并赋予它巨大的权力，从而对外朝常规官制体系施以强大的反制衡。

——王毅《中国皇权制度研究》

（1）据材料一和所学知识，说明秦始皇给中华帝国组装了哪些“硬件”？汉武帝添加的“软件”又是什么？

（2）结合材料二和所学知识，说明明朝和清朝皇帝是如何对外朝常规官制体系施以强大的反制衡的。

（3）综合上述材料概括我国封建社会政治体制的变化特征。

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