Question

【题目】完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

(2016·北京) A Race Against Death

It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.

On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 1 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.

How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 4 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.

6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7 . Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) 8 . They would have the medicine sent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers — known as ＂mushers＂ — would 10 it to Nome in a relay(接力).

The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.

On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 14 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.

A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 . He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 18 . He had found the trail.

At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 19 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.

Nome had been 20 .

【1】A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured

【2】A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless

【3】A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However

【4】A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border

【5】A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty

【6】A. From B. On C. By D. After

【7】A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick

【8】A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic

【9】A. air B. rail C. sea D. road

【10】A. carry B. return C. mail D. give

【11】A. Though B. Since C. When D. If

【12】A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross

【13】A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish

【14】A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die

【15】A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination

【16】A. find B. fix C. pass D. change

【17】A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning

【18】A. run B. leave C. bite D. play

【19】A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived

【20】A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developed

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】D

【4】C

【5】B

【6】C

【7】D

【8】A

【9】B

【10】A

【11】C

【12】D

【13】C

【14】D

【15】C

【16】A

【17】B

【18】A

【19】D

【20】B

【解析】

【文章大意】文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1 月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染病——白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。

【1】A. examined检查；B. warned警告；C. interviewed 采访，面试；D. cured治愈。医生检查了一个生病的孩子，知道他患上了白喉，故选A。

【2】A. harmless无害的；B. helpless无望的；C. fearless不怕的；D. careless粗心的。如果白喉肆虐诺姆，那里的孩子们都将毫无希望，故选B。

【3】A. Moreover而且；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。然而，最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多公里，前后是转折关系，故选D。

【4】A. airport机场； B. station车站；C. harbor 港口；D. border边境。根据＂so it couldn’t come by ship＂可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。

【5】A. narrow狭窄的；B. snowy被雪覆盖的；C. busy繁忙的；D. dirty脏的。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。

【6】A. From从，自；B. On在……上面；C. By通过，在……之前；D. After在……之后。＂by+时间＂与完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时，故选C。

【7A. tired劳累的；B. upset难过的；C. pale苍白的；D. sick生病的。4个孩子相继去世，还有20几个孩子患病，故选D。

【8】A. plan计划；B. excuse借口；C. message信息；D. topic话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划，故选A。

【9】A. air空气；B. rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D. road道路。根据下一段中的＂from the train at Nenana＂可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana，故选B。

【10】A. carry运送，携带；B. return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D. give给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选A。

【11】A. Though虽然；B. Since因为，自从；C. When当；D. If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。

【12】A. enter进入；B. move移动；C. visit拜访；D. cross穿过。根据＂Norton Sound was covered with ice＂可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须穿过这片水域，故选D。

【13】A. shameful惭愧的；B. boring令人厌烦的；C. dangerous危险的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根据＂which could sometimes break up without warning＂可知，这是旅途中最难的一部分，故选C。

【14】A. escape逃跑；B. bleed流血；C. swim游泳；D. die死亡。如果掉进寒冷的水中，Seppala会被冻死，诺姆的病童们也会死，故选D。

【15】A. memory记忆；B. exit出口；C. way道路；D. destination目的地。根据下一句可知，有的地方被大雪挡住了去路，Seppala不得不绕道行驶，故选C。

【16】 A. find找到；B. fix固定，安装；C. pass通过；D. change改变。当时的天气状况极差，Seppala找到雪橇轨道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故选A。

【17】A. pretending假装；B. trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D. learning学会。Seppala的狗努力嗅着其它狗的气味，故选B。

【18】A. run跑；B. leave离开；C. bite咬；D. play玩耍。Seppala的狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来，故选A。

【19】 A. gathered聚集；B. stayed保持；C. camped露营；D. arrived到达。arrive in sp到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆，故选D。

【20】 A. controlled控制；B. saved拯救；C. founded建立；D. developed发展。所有的孩子都得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。

【试题分析】

完形填空题的命题特点及答题方法：

1. 侧重基础知识，考查学生对语言知识的运用能力

完形填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、固定句型、近义词辨析、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力，其中考查实词居多。

2. 上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力

解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要注意句子间的关系及句子与段落的关系。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相关的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息，捕捉关键词。

3. 设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力

旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。

4. 结合生活，考查学生利用常识解题的能力

目的是考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。

5. 关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力

此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况下，通过阅读能否理解句子与句子之间的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的连词的用法。