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  A 10-year-old boy decided to learn judo despite(尽管)the fact that he had lost his left arm in a car accident.The boy began lessons with an old Japanese judo teacher.The boy was doing well, so he couldn't understand why, after three months of training, the master had taught him only one move.

  “Master,” the boy finally said, “shouldn't I be learning more moves?”

  “This is the only move you know, but this is the only move you'll ever need to know,” the teacher replied.Not quite understanding, but believing in his teacher, the boy kept training.

  Several months later, the teacher took the boy to his first competition.

  Surprising himself, the boy easily won his first two matches.The third match proved to be more difficult, but after some time, his opponent(对手)became impatient and charged; the boy skillfully used his one move to win the match.Still amazed by his success, the boy was now in the final.

  This time, his opponent was bigger, stronger, and more experienced.The match started, and the boy soon appeared to be overmatched.Thought that the boy might get hurt, the judge called a time-out.He was going to stop the match when the teacher appeared.

  “No,” the teacher insisted, “Let him continue.”

  Soon after the match continued, his opponent made a careless mistake.Immediately, the boy used his move to pin(压住)him.The boy won the match and the competition.He was the winner.

  On the way home, the boy and the teacher reviewed every move in each and every match.Then the boy got up the courage to ask what was really on his mind.

  “Teacher, how did I win the competition with only one move?”

  The teacher answered.“First, you've almost mastered one of the most difficult throws in all of judo.Second, the only known defense(防卫)for that move is for your opponent to grab your left arm.”

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  There are two types of twins: identical(相同的)and non-identical twins.Identical twins are formed from a single egg in mother's body which divides to form two separated(分开的)babies.Identical twins look the same, and are often dressed by the parents in clothes of the same colors.It is often difficult to tell identical twins from each other, even when they are standing side by side.Non-identical twins came into being when the mother produces two separated eggs at the same time, both of which grow to from babies.In the case the twins look like normal brothers and sisters and easy to tell one from the other.

  In the 1970s and 1980s a scientist did some research into twins.He invited many pairs of identical twins to university and asked them to take part in a week of tests.He was particularly interested in adopted(领养)twins who had been separated, at birth.He would give the twins different kinds of tests to study their speed of thinking, their speech, their memory, the ways they saw and heard different things, and so on.Time and time again he found separated twins who preferred clothes of the same colors, used the same kind of shaving soap, wore the same shaped square glasses and the same colored socks.

  There is a third type of twins, but it is a very unusual one.Twins who are joined together at birth are known in western countries as Siamese(连体)twins.

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