【题目】阅读下面的短文, 并根据短文后的要求答题。(请注意问题后的字数要求)

[1]Here is a story. A man sees a butterfly(蝴蝶). The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis(蛹). Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprising enough, the butterfly is unable to fly.

[2]If the butterfly doesn't struggle(挣扎)_____________the chrysalis, it can't fly! The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make them fly.

[3]当人们年轻的时候, 遇见并克服挑战将会使他们强大。They can be ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many big supermarkets, used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father's death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.

[4]Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which provide them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However, just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome challenges. The young people of today will become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.

1Why can’t the butterfly fly? (no more than 10 words)

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2Fill in the blank in the second paragraph with proper words (no more than 4 words).

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3Translate the Chinese sentence in the third paragraph into English.

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4Translate the underlined sentences in the fourth paragraph into Chinese.

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5What is the title of the passage?

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【题目】 David walked down the street. All he wanted to do was to play basketball with Jim. But his mother told him to return his sister's books to the library on his way to Jim's house.

In his eyes, books and summertime just don't go together. He thought he had read a lot during the school year. And he had never set foot inside a public library. Today he'd just drop the books off in the outside return box, but it was locked. He had to go inside to return them.

David walked inside the building a few minutes before closing time. He put the books into the return box. After a quick drink of water and a short stop in the toilet, he'd be on his way to meet Jim. He walked out of the toilet. The library lights were turned off. He was locked---in a library.

David tried to use the telephone, but he couldn't find one. As the sun began to set, he searched for a light and found a little one on the desk. He used a pencil to write a note on a big piece of paper. It read, "I'm locked inside. Please call for help. "He put it on the front door. Surely, someone passing by would see it. He then turned his attention to the library itself.

He was surprised to discover that this place was not so bad. Rows and rows of books! When he saw a book about Michael Jordan on the desk, he picked it up. He opened the book and began to read.

He felt that being locked in the library didn't seem to be such a terrible thing.

1What did David's mother want him to do?

A.Play basketball with Jim.B.Take a walk in the street.

C.Read books in the library.D.Return his sister's books.

2David thought he had read a lot during________.

A.a visit to Jim'sB.the school year

C.the closing timeD.the summertime

3David went inside the building because ________.

A.the sun began to setB.he wanted to use the telephone

C.he needed to go to the toiletD.the outside return box was locked

4David discovered that ________after he was locked in the library.

A.he was very afraid of the darkB.he became interested in this place

C.his mom was worried about himD.his friend became nervous about him

【题目】 A new study shows that negative ( 消极的) punishments to dogs while training can bring long-term bad effects to the animal. The latest study paid attention to some dogs for humans. Such dogs are often thought of as part of the family and need training on how to behave around people.

Researchers from Portugual’s University of Porto led the study. The researchers carried out experiments including two kinds of dog training methods — reward-based and aversive( 令人厌恶的). Reward-based methods include giving the dog food or praise when the animal completes wanted behavior. Aversive methods depend on the use of some kinds of negative actions, such as shouting, pushing or pulling the dog to let it do something.

The study included 92 dogs. 42 of them got reward-based training and the others received aversive training. Researchers did these experiments to find both short-term and long-term effects of the two training methods.

Researchers recorded the training. They reported that dogs from the aversive training group have more stress-related behavior than those in the reward-based group. It clearly shows the short-term effects of aversive training methods.

In order to find the long-term effects, the dogs took part in an exercise for about a month after the training. The dogs were put in a room with food bowls. Researchers looked at how quickly and excitedly the dogs went to the bowls. The researchers reported that after getting aversive training, the dogs were more “pessimistic (悲观的)” in behavior than those getting reward-based training.

1Why do dogs need training on how to behave around people?

A.Because people see them as family members.B.Because people see them as friends.

C.Because people see as travel guides.D.Because people see them as the police.

2What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?

A.Researchers of the study.B.Two kinds of ways to train dogs.

C.Good behavior of dogs.D.The reasons to do the study.

3What CANNOT we know in the passage?

A.The researchers are from Portugual’s University of Porto.

B.Reward-based methods include praising dogs.

C.Dogs would be excited after getting aversive training.

D.Shouting to dogs often is harmful to them.

4What’s the best title of the passage?

A.Groups of dog trainers.B.The experiences with dog training.

C.How to let dogs behave well.D.Negative punishments are bad for dogs.

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