Many people think the camel stores only water in its hump(驼峰),but it does not,Instead,the camel stores something else there----food.The camel’s hump is really a hump of fat.When the camel,often called”a ship of the desert”,is not travelling and is in a place where there is plenty of food and water,it eats and drinks a lot. As it does so, its hump rises from the fat its body makes. Then when the camel is travelling through the desert and when there is little food,it can live off the stored fat.

A camel can go on for days or weeks with little feed or water.However its hunger reaches the point starvation(饿死),its hump shrinks(收缩) and may even slip off its back and hang down its side.

Camels are not fussy(挑剔的) about what they eat.Thorny(多刺的) plants don’t hurt their mouths,grasses of any kinds will do and so will hay,dry grain,cactuses.(干草,干粮,仙人掌)

There are one—humpcamels and two—hump camels. Camels with one hump are calledArabian camels,mainly coming from North Africa. Camels with two humps are mainly from Asia.

1.There are kinds of camels in the world.

A.two B.three C.four D.five

2.Camels eat and drink a lot .

A.after they finish their work

B.before they go to sleep

C.when they find much food and water

D.when they go through the desert

3.Reading this passage,we know .

A.camels can live without food and water

B.camels need more but pay less

C.there is much food and water in camels’ humps all the time

D.camels make food and water into fat and store it in their humps

4.A camel’s hump slips off its back or side because .

A.it tries to save some fat

B.there is little fat in it.

C.It hopes to have a good rest

D.It can carry more

5.Which is the following is true?

A.An African camel has one hump becausethereare many desertsthere.

B.An Asian camel has two humps because there is much food and water there.

C.Camels can live a very bad life.

D.A camels is the most useful animal.

There is an old saying in English, “Laughter is the best medicine”. Until recently, few people took the saying very seriously. Now however, doctors have begun to study laughter and the effects (作用) it has on the human body. They have found evidence that laughter really can improve people’s health.

Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their heart rate, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. It increases blood pressure, the heart rate and the rate of breathing. It also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet. If laughter exercises the body, it must be helpful.

Other tests have shown that laughter appears to make the effect of pain on the body less. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs. The group which could bear the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. The reason why laughter can make pain less seems to be that it helps to produce endorphins (内啡肽) in the brain. These are natural chemicals which make both stress and pain less.

There is also some evidence to suggest that laughter helps the body’s immune system that is the system which fights infection (感染). In an experiment, one group of students watched a funny video while another group served as the control group — in other words, a group with which to compare the first group. Doctors checked the blood of the students in both groups and found that the people in the group that watched the video had an increase in the activity of their white blood cells that is the cells which fight infection.

As a result of these discoveries, some doctors and psychiatrists (精神病学) in the United States now hold laughter clinics, in which they try to improve their patients’ condition by encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce good effects similar to those caused by laughter.

1.We learn from the first paragraph that laughter __________ .

A. is good for one’s health

B. has something to do with some illness

C. has been studied long since

D. has no effect on the body

2.Doctors have found that laughter ___________ .

A. keeps down blood pressure

B. has similar effects to physical exercise

C. decreases the heart rate

D. increases stress

3.Which of the following statements is NOT true of laughter according to the passage?

A. It makes pain less.

B. It exercises the body.

C. It improves the body’s immune system.

D. It can cure cancer.

4.Smiling can produce _________.

A. about the same effects as laughter

B. more effects than laughter

C. fewer effects on the human body

D. no effects on the human body

5.In a laughter clinic doctors __________ .

A. laugh at their patients

B. encourage their patients to laugh

C. smile when they don’t feel like laughing

D. never stop laughing

6.The main idea of this passage is that _________.

A. the doctors should learn how to make people laugh

B. there are several ways of studying the advantages of laughter

C. tests show that laughter can produce positive effects on human body

D. laughter and physical exercise have the same effects on human body

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