Simple Scientific Experiment（实验）
Below is a description of a single scientific experiment. It shows us how iron(铁) reacts (反应) with air and with water. Aim: To find out if iron rusts(生锈) (a) in dry air; (b) in water that has no air in it (air-free water) ; (c) in common water. Materials: Some clean iron nails(铁钉) ; test tubes(试管); test tube holder; cotton wool; oil; Bunsen burner. | |
Iron in dry air Method (1) Put some iron nails at the bottom of a test tube. (2) Push some cotton wool down the tube. (3) Leave the tube for one week. Result After one week, the nails have not rusted. Conclusion Iron does not rust in dry air. | (4) Add some oil to the water. (This will keep air out of the water.) (5) Leave the tube for one week. Result The nails do not rust in the tube with air-free water. Conclusion Iron does not rust in air-free water. |
Iron in ordinary water Method (1) Half –fill a test tube with water and add two or three clean nails. (2) Leave the tube for one week. Result The nails rust in the tube with common water. Conclusion Iron rusts in common water. | |
Iron in air-free water Method (1) Half-fill a test tube with water. (2) Boil the water for three minutes. (This makes sure there is no air in the water.) (3) Put two or three clean nails in the water. | |
1.In the first part of the experiment the cotton wool is most probably used to _______.
A. keep the air dry B. keep the tube wet
C. make the nails rust D. keep the tube clean
2. What are necessary steps to make sure the water in the tube is air-free?
① Leave half a tube of water in it.
② Boil the water for some time.
③ Put some clean iron nails in the tube.
④ Add some oil to the water.
A. ①② B. ①③ C. ②③ D. ②④
3.We can know from the experiment that only _______ makes iron rusty.
A. dry air B. cotton wool C. common water D. air-free water
任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容完成文后表格，每空一词。（本大题共5空，每空1分，共5分）
Writing a good story is no easy task. What’s the secret? Mo Yan, the Nobel Prize winner in literature（文学）in 2012, believes his success comes from a large amount of reading.
Mo was born into a farming family in a village in Shandong Province. He grew up listening to folk stories about gods, spirits and foxes. Those stories later became the inspiration (灵感) for Mo’s writing.
Mo left school at the age of 12 and started to work in the fields. Although he was tired after his daily hard work, Mo was always hungry for books. However, there were very few in the village. He read his older brother’s textbooks and even dictionaries. He helped others with farm work in exchange for books.
“When I finished reading all the books around, I thought I was the most knowledgeable man in the world,” he told Xinhua.
After Mo left his hometown and joined the army in 1976, he began to read widely, including works by Lu Xun and many other famous writers.
He studied from these writers but did not copy them. Instead, he developed his own style. “I grew up in an environment filled with folk culture. It enters my novels whenever I pick up a pen. This has influenced, even decided, my style,” Mo told a group of reporters in his hometown shortly after he won the award in 2012.
As the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in literature(文学), the organization spoke highly of his works. They described his writing as a mixture (混合体) of fantasy and reality, combining historical and social perspectives (看法).
Mo Yan, the First 1. Nobel Prize Winner | |
The process of MoYan’s growth | ·He was born in a village and his parents are both 2. . ·After leaving school at the age of 12, although he could 3. find any books to read, he never gave up. ·In the army, he read such works as Lu Xun’s and other famous writers’ to develop his own style. ·In 2012, he won the Nobel Prize for literature. |
The features of Mo Yan’s works | ·Folk stories 4. Mo Yan with plenty of inspiration no matter when he writes. ·His writing is a mixture of fantasy and reality. |
The 5. for MoYan’s success | ·The environment full of folk culture matters a lot to his success. ·Reading is Mo Yan’s secret to be a great success. |