Question

【题目】阅读填空 先通读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容，在文章后表格的空格内填入一个最恰当的单词。所填单词必须写在答题卡对应题号的横线上。每个空格只能填一个单词。

Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went worse in March 2017 after heavy rains damaged the only power cables(电缆) in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce.

Luckily, researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful method to solve it. They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.

While that may sound amazing and even impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food (using the sun’s energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons(电子). The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to get the energy and keep it in the lamp’s batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge(电荷) can power a 50-walt LED light for two hours－enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.

The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2017. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp, believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity.

Topic: A new invention－the Plant Lamp
The problem in the small village	The people living in Nuevo Saposoa have much 【1】 getting electricity. However, things went worse for the only power cables there were destroyed by heavy rains. The villages had to use oil lamps, although they are expensive to use and can be bad for people’s health.
The method to solve the problem	★Some researchers made a new kind of lamp. It can be powered by【2】 objects found in the rainforest－plants and soil. ★The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb.
The science explanation	★Plants create their food and produce waste which is【3】 to the soil at the same time. Some tidy animals feed on the waste and produce electrons. ★The UT team can get the energy and keep it in the lamp’s batteries. A 50-walt LED light can be powered by a single charge for local villagers to【4】 their evening work.
Conclusion	Ten Plant Lamps were given to the villagers in October 2017 and they have been very【5】 since then. Elmer Ramirez, the inventor of the lamp, believes that they could be the most helpful for the small rainforest communities.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】difficulty/ trouble

【2】common

【3】returned

【4】complete/finish

【5】successful

【解析】

你听说过植物灯吗？这篇短文为我们介绍的就是这种植物灯，事情发生在南美洲秘鲁的一个小村庄里，那里因为暴雨电缆被毁坏而停电，科学家们制造了用植物和土壤提供能量的灯。

【1】根据短文开头Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America可知，南美洲秘鲁的这个小村庄在获取电力上一直有困难。题目中则使用了句型have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.做某事有困难。

【2】根据短文第二段They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies.可知，提供能量的是植物和土壤，这两样东西在那个村庄所在的亚马逊雨林里是非常常见的。由文意可知，这里填common普遍的，常见的。

【3】根据短文第三段As plants create their food (using the sun’s energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil.可知，植物制造他们的食物时，他们也会产生废物，并将其返回土壤。题目中这句话使用了被动语态，因此这里填过去分词returned。

【4】根据短文第三段The researchers say a single charge(电荷) can power a 50-walt LED light for two hours－enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.可知，一次充电可以使50瓦的LED灯照明两个小时，这个时间足够让村民们把他们晚上的工作做完。原文get sth. done使某事完成，题目中使用了动词不定式，故这里填动词原形finish或者complete，都是“完成”的意思。

【5】根据短文最后一段The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2017. So far, they have been a huge success!可知，这种植物灯到目前为止非常的成功。原文是用了名词短语a huge success，题目中空前have been是系动词，这里应填形容词successful，成功的。

这个短文给我们介绍了科学家们为解决秘鲁的一个村子的用电问题，而发明的植物灯。短文是科普类的说明文，所谈论的话题可能与学生们的日常生活相距较远，文章中也有一些生词和较难理解的句子，因此文章比较难理解。题型是任务型阅读，要求阅读短文，完成表格中的信息，观察表格可知，它是对文章内容和结构的一个概括。做题时，应先通读短文，掌握大概意思，抓住文章主题；然后根据表格中题目所问，先锁定原文相关的句子，再根据题目中句子使用的句型，填写适当的单词。注意我们找到的原文中的句子与题目中表达的方式是不一样的，所以很多时候都需要改变形式，或者填写与原文表达意思相同的另外的词。例如第4小题，根据短文第三段The researchers say a single charge(电荷) can power a 50-walt LED light for two hours－enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done.可知，一次充电可以使50瓦的LED灯照明两个小时，这个时间足够让村民们把他们晚上的工作做完。原文get sth. done使某事完成，题目中使用了动词不定式，故这里填动词原形finish或者complete，都是“完成”的意思。