Question

【题目】 When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983,two scientists,Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals which are called VOCs for short.

Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening？Exactly.Because we can watch the neighbours react.

Some plants release smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty .They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.Once they arrive,the tables are turned .The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.

In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors ,relatively speaking ,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.

Does this mean that plants talk to each other？ Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true communication.

Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. The world is .

【1】Does a leafy plant sit quietly when it is under attack?

【2】What does a plant do when it is under attack?

【3】How can scientists know that there is someone listening to the crying?

【4】What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraphs 3?

【5】From the scientists' studies, can plants protect themselves against insects or really talk to each other?

【6】What can be filled in the blank at end of the passage?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】No,it doesn’t.

【2】It sends out certain chemicals.

【3】They can watch the neighbours react.

【4】The attackers get attacked.

【5】Yes,they can.

【6】The world is more complex than it seems.

【解析】

讲述了植物是如何保护自己的，植物可以通过释放化学物质来发出警告，研究表明，一些植物不但可以保护自己免受昆虫的伤害，还能以昆虫为食，所以说世界比表面上看起来更复杂，仅仅凭借我们的感官不能了解全部的世界。

【1】题干“一株叶子茂密的植物在受到攻击时会安静地坐着吗？” 根据文中When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly.可知当一株叶子茂盛的植物受到攻击时，它不会静静地坐着。这里是做否定回答，No,it doesn’t.不，它不会。故填No,it doesn’t。

【2】题干“植物受到攻击时会做什么？” 根据文章第一段reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get可知，年轻的枫树被昆虫咬后会发出一种特殊的气味，这种气味是邻近的植物可以闻到的。故填It sends out certain chemicals.。

【3】题干“科学家怎么知道有人在听哭声？” 根据文章第二段It’s a plant’s way of crying out.But is anyone listening？Exactly.Because we can watch the neighbours react可知，这是一种植物的叫声。但是有人在听吗？正是因为我们能看到邻居的反应。故填They can watch the neighbours react. 。

【4】题干“作者在第3段中所说的“扭转局面”是什么意思？” 根据文章第三段Once they arrive,the tables are turned .The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch可知，他们一到，桌子就转了。正在吃午饭的袭击者现在变成了午餐。故填The attackers get attacked.。

【5】题干“从科学家的研究来看，植物能保护自己不受昆虫的侵害，还是真的能相互交流？” 根据文章第四段In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors ,relatively speaking ,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do可知，这里是肯定回答。Yes,they can.是的，它们是。故填Yes,they can.。

【6】题干“文章结尾的空白处可以填什么？” 根据文章最后一段imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak可推理得出。这里是说世界看上去似乎更复杂。故填The world is more complex than it seems.

认真阅读文章，认真核实答案，同时必须检查一下书写是否规范，句子的时态、人称、单复数、语态、词性、主谓搭配等是否正确，这是答题的最后一步，也是很关键的一步。

完成上面的答题程序后，我们还要注意下面三点: 第一个是能简略回答，尽量简略回答。第二要记住，句子开头首字母要大写；标点符号要规范；单词拼写要正确无误，书写要认真。第三点同学们切记，要对照题目，根据需要对句子的人称，时态，单复数，主谓搭配等方面进行核对。