Question

【题目】A great number of people in the world have never seen snow.Others see more of it than they want to. Hail is much more common; it happens even in deserts.

Hail is a small round ball of alternating layers(交互层) of snow and clear ice. It forms inside large dark clouds that you can see before or during a storm. There are two ideas about how hailstones from.

One idea shows that hail forms when drops of water freeze in the upper air.

As they fall, they collect more drops of water. They also collect snow. The ice and snow build up in layers. If you cut a hailstone, you can see these alternating layers.

The other idea says that hail starts as a raindrop. The wind carries it higher into the atmosphere(大气层), where it gets covered by snow. It becomes heavy and begins to fall. As it falls, it gets a layer of water, which freezes.

Then the wind carries it back to the snow area, and it gets another layer of snow. This can happen a number of times. Finally the hailstone is too heavy to travel on the wind, and it falls to the ground.

Only a thunderstorm(暴风雨), a storm with loud noises and lightning can produce hail, but very few of them do. Perhaps only one in 400 thunderstorms creates hailstones.

A hailstone is usually less than eight centimeters in diameter. However, hailstones can be much bigger than that. Sometimes they are as big as baseballs. The largest hailstone which people have ever recorded weighed over 680 grams and had a diameter of thirteen centimeters.

Hail can cause the death of plants, especially since hail usually appears in the middle of summer, when the plants are partly grown. If the crops are destroyed, it is too late to plant more, and the farmer has lost everything. In one terrible hailstorm in 1923 in Rostov, in Ukraine, twenty-three people and many farm animals were killed.

【1】Which of the following is about HAIL?

A. B. C. D.

【2】According to the passage, which of the following is the fact about hail?

A. Hail is formed of snow and ice. B. Hail can’t be found in desert any more.

C. Hail often comes in cold winter. D. People can see snow more often than hail.

【3】What does the underlined word “them” in the fifth paragraph refer to?

A. Noises. B. Hailstones. C. Thunderstorms. D. Deserts.

【4】What do farmers most probably think of hail according to the last paragraph?

A. Unusual. B. Common. C. Useful. D. Terrible.

【5】What’s the passage mainly about?

A. Different ideas about how hail forms. B. A brief introduction about hail.

C. The size and the weight of hailstones. D. The influence that hail causes.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】C

【4】D

【5】B

【解析】本文介绍了世界上有许多人从未见过雪。但是冰雹更为常见，甚至发生在沙漠中。在文中介绍了冰雹的形成、尺寸和重量、冰雹的影响及危害等都有介绍。

【1】细节理解题。由句子“Hail is a small round ball of alternating layers(交互层) of snow and clear ice.”可知，冰雹是在交替层由雪和透明的冰形成的小圆球。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。A. Hail is formed of snow and ice. 冰雹是由冰雪形成的。与句子“Hail is a small round ball of alternating layers(交互层) of snow and clear ice.” 冰雹是在交替层由雪和透明的冰形成的小圆球。符合。

B. Hail can’t be found in desert any more. 沙漠中再也找不到冰雹了。与句子“Others see more of it than they want to. Hail is much more common; it happens even in deserts. ” 其他人看到的比他们想的更多。冰雹更为常见，甚至发生在沙漠中。因此不对。

C. Hail often comes in cold winter. 冰雹常在寒冷的冬天到来。与句子“Only a thunderstorm(暴风雨), a storm with loud noises and lightning can produce hail” 可知，只有暴风雨来临时，同时伴有响亮的声音和闪电才会形成冰雹。因此不对。

D. People can see snow more often than hail. 人们看到雪的次数比冰雹多。由句子“A great number of people in the world have never seen snow. Others see more of it than they want to. Hail is much more common”可知，世界上有许多人从未见过雪，其他人看到的比他们想的更多。冰雹更为常见。因此不对，综上分析可知A正确。

【3】词义猜测题。A. Noises. 噪声；B. Hailstones. 冰雹；C. Thunderstorms. 雷暴；D. Deserts.沙漠。由句子“Only a thunderstorm(暴风雨), a storm with loud noises and lightning can produce hail, but very few of them do.”可知，只有暴风雨来临时，同时伴有响亮的声音和闪电才会形成冰雹，但是这种雷暴天气很少发生。因此them指代前面的雷暴。故选C。

【4】推理判断题。A. Unusual. 不寻常；B. Common. 常见；C. Useful. 有用；D. Terrible. 可怕。最后一段介绍了冰雹的危害。因此根据最后一段，农民最可能想到的是可怕。故选D。

【5】主旨大意题。A. Different ideas about how hail forms. 关于冰雹形成的不同看法。B. A brief introduction about hail. 冰雹简介。C. The size and the weight of hailstones. 冰雹的尺寸和重量。D. The influence that hail causes. 冰雹的影响。本文对冰雹的形成、尺寸和重量、冰雹的影响等都有介绍。因此B较全面。

1. 根据上下文语境进行猜测

“词语要嵌在上下文里头才有生命、才容易记住、才知道用法”。我们可以通过上下文语境猜测单词的确切意义。

2. 根据指代关系进行猜测

代词所指代的内容多出现在这句话的前后句中。找到指代的内容后，可以把它放在代词的位置上，看是否合乎逻辑，并以此来判断所选答案是否正确。

3. 根据同义或反义关系进行猜测

所考查的词汇与上下文中的熟词信息具有相同或相反的意义。通过熟悉的词语，我们可猜测生词的含义或者它所处的领域。

4. 根据定义或者解释说明进行猜测

作者常通过破折号、逗号、定语从句等暗示所考查词汇的定义，有时也会直接注解，我们可以充分利用这些定义或解释说明来推测单词或短语的含义。