Different countries have different kinds of birthday traditions. No matter what they do, they want to express their love, thanks and so on.

Canada: The birthday child is ambushed(伏击)and his /her nose is greased( 在…涂油) with butter or margarine for good luck. The greased nose makes the child too slippery for bad luck to catch him/her.

Denmark: A flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday. Presents are placed around the child’s bed while he/she is sleeping so he/she will see them immediately upon awakening.

England: Certain symbolic objects are mixed into the birthday cake as it’s being prepared. If your piece of cake has a coin in it, then you will be rich. Also, when it’s your birthday your friends give you the “bumps”. They lift you in the air by your hands and feet and raise you up and down to the floor, one for each year lived then another one for luck.

South Africa: On the twenty-first birthday , a key made of anything from paper to aluminum foil(铝箔) to silver to gold is presented by the parents as a sign that the child is ready to unlock the door to their future.

United States: A cake is made ,and candles are put on top based on how old the person is. The everyone sings the “Happy Birthday” song, and at the end of the song , the birthday child blows out the candles. If they blow them all out with one blow , their birthday wishes will come true.

1. ______________ in five counties

Country

Things to do

2.___________

Put butter or margarine on the child’s nose for good luck

Denmark:

Put a flag outside a window to show someone is having a birthday.

England

Put a coin into the birthday cake. It means being 3.________

South Africa

On the21st birthday, parents give their children 4.________ to unlock the door to their future.

US

Put certain candles on the cake. If they blow them all out with one blow, the children will 5._______ their birthday wishes.

In classroom, your teachers will talk about topics that you are studying. The information they provide will be important for you to know when you take tests. So you must be able to take good written notes from what your teachers say.

Here are the three stages(阶段) of taking notes and what you should do during each stage.

1.Before Class

Review your notes you have taken before you come to class. This will be good for remembering what was covered. Get you ready to understand new information your teacher will provide.

2.During Class

Keep your attention on what your teacher is saying and “the signal words” that tell you what your teacher is going to say and it is important to write in your notes. Examples of signal words are “The most important point…” and “Remember that…”. Be sure to include in your notes information that your teacher repeats or writes on the blackboard. Write quickly so that you can include all the important information in your notes. Do this by writing abbreviations such as med for medicine, using symbols such as % for percent, and writing short sentences.

3.After Class

Rewrite your notes to make them more complete and accurate(准确的) by changing abbreviations into whole words, symbols into words, and shortened sentences into longer sentences. Use them to answer your questions. If necessary, ask your teacher for help.

Taking notes

1.

The information is useful for your tests, so it is necessary for you to learn take good notes.

Stages

2.

Review the notes you have taken to remember what was covered.

Be ready to understand new information.

During Class

3. your teacher carefully.

Be sure to include the important points.

Write them down 4. .

After Class

Make your notes more complete and accurate to 5. your questions.

Ask for your teacher’s help.

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