Question

【题目】 A new research has discovered that meditation（冥想）and oxygen sport together reduce depression（抑郁）. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months, reduced the symptoms of a group of students by 40 percent.

“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students, ”said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman.“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”

Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive（交互的）effect in combating depression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training( MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.

Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, which enabled those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.

Shors, who studies the production of new brain cells in the hippocampus-part of the brain involved in memory and learning-says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.

The idea for the human intervention（干预）came from her laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.

By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.

“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be affective in improving mental health, ”said Alderman.“The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”

【1】What made the research so different?

A.Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B.Treating depression with special medicine.

C.Combining the two ways to reduce depression.D.Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.

【2】The underlined word "combasting" in Paragraph 3 probably means __________.

A.fightingB.developingC.improvingD.examining

【3】What can we know about what the participants did in the research?

A.They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B.They thought quietly and then took exercise.

C.They took exercise longer than they thought.D.They took exercise while thinking quietly.

【4】What is Shors' main purpose of her studies?

A.To find out certain brain cells of humans.B.To study the production of new brain cells.

C.To offer people a new method to reduce stress.D.To decide the links between stress and exercise.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】A

【3】B

【4】C

【解析】

一项新的研究发现冥想和有氧运动一起可缓解抑郁；这两种活动在抗抑郁方面具有交互作用。心理和身体训练的结合使抑郁症的学生不会让问题或消极思想打败他们。通过学习集中注意力和锻炼，与抑郁症作斗争的人可以获得新的学习技能，帮助他们处理信息、减少对过去的记忆；这种干预任何人在任何时候都可以免费进行。

【1】细节理解题。根据第二段“It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.””.可知“这是第一次，冥想和有氧运动两种行为方式一起被认为是治疗抑郁症的方法”；故选C。

【2】词义猜测题。根据第三段“…discovered that a combination of mental and physical training( MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.”，可知“Alderman 和Shors2位医生发现心理和身体训练的结合使抑郁症的学生不会让问题或消极思想打败他们。”，由此推断上文指“冥想和有氧运动在对抗抑郁方面是有作用的”，可知combating意为“对抗”；故选A。

【3】推理判断题。根据第四段“Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport.”，可知“他们先冥想30分钟，然后做30分钟的有氧运动。”；故选B。

【4】推理判断题。根据第六段“…with the main goal of helping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.”，可知“她研究的主要目的是帮助个人学会从紧张的生活事件中恢复过来”，推断“她研究的目的是为人们提供减压的新方法”；故选C。

本篇阅读单选考查细节理解、推理判断和词义猜测能力。题2可以从生词后文本的描述推断词义；题3要根据文字的表层意思判断“冥想和运动的先后顺序”；题4要综合文字的表层信息“她研究的主要目的是帮助个人学会从紧张的生活事件中恢复过来” 推断“她研究的目的是为人们提供减压的新方法”。