You may know that more people drink coffee than tea around the world. And that, after oil, it is the second biggest traded commodity(商品). You may also know that the drink comes from beans which are first roasted and then ground(研磨). But what else do you know about this popular drink?

It is said that the story of coffee started with an Ethiopian goatherd(牧羊人)named Kaldi. One day Kaldi was surprised to see that his goats were behaving(举止) very strangely. Instead of grazing(吃草) quietly, they were jumping around, almost dancing. He also noticed some red “cherries” from a plant that the goats were eating. He tried some himself and was surprised by the feeling of happiness and excitement. He felt like dancing too!

But it wasn’t used as a drink at first. It was used as food. The coffee berries, mixed with animal fat, were used by monks(和尚) to stay awake during long hours of prayer(祷告). From Ethiopia, coffee was later cultivated(培育) in Yemen and the first hot drink was developed there around AD 1000. Three centuries later,Coffee houses appeared in Cairo and Mecca.

For many many years the plants were protected safely. But some beans were smuggled(偷运) out of Arabia and taken to India. In the 17th century, coffee was soon grown in a new continent. From India to Indonesia, a century later the beans were once again smuggled to Brazil. Brazil is now the largest coffee producer in the world.

It was the caffeine(咖啡因) that made the goats dance and kept the monks awake. Although it is found in other soft drinks and tea, coffee has the most caffeine. In the short term(短期), a couple of cups of coffee can prevent fatigue and delay sleep. But several cups a day, every day, can cause anxiety(焦虑) and restlessness(坐立不安).

The 1.__________ of coffee

Discovery

Kaldi found that his goats had 2.__________ behaviors(举止) after eating some red cherries.

Kaldi himself tried some, and he became very happy and excited.

At first

Coffee was used as food instead of a 3.________.

In AD 1000

Coffee was cultivated in Yemen and the first hot drink was developed.

In AD 1300

Coffee 4._________ appeared in Cairo and Mecca.

In the 17th century

Coffee was soon grown in a new continent, from India to Indonesia.

Now

Coffee has become a 5._________ drink, but too much coffee may cause anxiety and restlessness.

Electronic books have changed the way many people read for . Now online textbooks are changing the way some students learn and some teachers teach.

More than students go to the public schools in Fairfax County, Virginia, outside Washington. Last year, the school system used digital books in fifteen schools. This school year, middle schools and high schools changed printed to electronic textbooks in their social studies classes.

“I mean, it’s just a regular textbook, except it’s got it all online.” says Luke Rosa, a history teacher at Falls Church High School.

Peter Noonan, an assistant superintendent(主管) of schools says, “The world’s changing . And the online textbooks can change right along with the events that .”

“Digital books also cost than printed textbooks,” he says, “Usually it’s between fifty and seventy dollars a textbook for each student, which adds up to about eight million dollars for all of our students in Fairfax County. In fact, we have bought all of the online textbooks for our students for just under six million dollars.”

Social studies teacher Michael Bambara says the e-book he uses in his government class is better than a(an) textbook. It has materials for students different levels of reading skills…

1.A. pleased B. pleasing C. pleasant D. pleasure

2.A. one hundred seventy-five thousand B. one hundred seventy-five thousands

C. one hundred and seventy-five thousand D. one hundred and seventy-five thousands

3.A. into B. from C. with D. along

4.A. like B. liking C. liked D. likely

5.A. at times B. at all times C. at that time D. at the same time

6.A. is happened B. will happen C. are happening D. have been happened

7.A. more expensive B. cheaper C. more D. less

8.A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. bought

9.A. online B. printed C. digital D. electronic

10.A. with B. have C. who has D. they have

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