Almost everyone has dropped some food on the floor and still wanted to eat it. If someone saw you drop it, he or she might have shouted, “ 5-second rule!” This so–called rule says food is OK to eat if you pick it up in five seconds or less. But is that true?

Professor Anthony Hilton from Ashton University, UK, tested the rule with his students. They found that food dropped for five seconds is less likely to contain bacteria(细菌) than if it sits there for longer.

For the study, Hilton and his students tested a lot of foods——bread, pasta, cookies and candy—to see how much bacteria they had when they made contact with the floor. They allowed the food to lie on the different types of flooring—carpet(地毯), laminate (复合地板) and tile(瓷砖) — for three seconds to 30 seconds.

Not surprisingly, the longer the food was on the floor, the more bacteria it had. And the type of floor where the dropped food landed had an effect. Bacteria are least likely to transfer(转移) from carpet, while they are most likely to transfer laminate or tiled surface after more than five seconds.

The study also found that the wetter the food, the more likely it was to pick up bacteria. Although most people are happy to follow the 5-second rule, eating food dropped on the floor still carries an infection(感染) risk. “It very much depends on which bacteria are on the floor at the time.” Hilton told Forbes.

1.What is the “5-second rule’ mean?

A. People often shout at someone when they drop food on the floor.

B. Food is safe when you pick it up off the floor in less than five seconds.

C. It’s better to eat dropped food when it’s been on the floor for over five seconds.

D. Food will go bad when dropped food on the floor in five seconds or less.

2.Where is Ashton University?

A. In the USA. B. In England.

C. In China. D. In France.

3.Hilton’s test wanted to find out____________.

A. if the “5-second rule” is true

B. the students’ favorite food

C. which food is easily dropped

D. if different types of floor have different bacteria

4.According to the test, we learn the following EXCEPT ________.

A. the dropped food had more bacteria if it sat on the floor for longer.

B. the dropped food on the carpet had the least bacteria.

C. bacteria was impossible to transfer from laminate or tiled surfaces.

D. the wetter food was likely to pick up bacteria.

5. According to the article, the infection risk of the dropped does NOT depend on _____________.

A. how long the food sits on the floor

B. what the dropped food is

C. what the bacteria are

D. what the weather is like that day

任务型阅读,根据短文内容完成下表,每空一词

If you are asked to chair a meeting, remember the following six golden rules for meeting management.

Always start the meeting on time. If you begin on time, group members who show up late will realize the value of time. Beginning on time shows the skill as an effective time manager and sets an example for others to follow.

Select a note-taker or have the meeting recorded. You may need to go back to something that was discussed during the meeting at a later date. Good record-keeping is a sign of a good meeting manager as well.

Learn to listen. So many times we think about what we are going to say and, in the process, miss important points that other group members may be contributing (做贡献). What’s more, we often hear only what we want to hear, instead of really listening to other people. Meetings with effective listening are successful meetings.

Keep the discussion on track(轨道). Many times an important topic can get sidetracked(转变话题) in a meeting, especially when everyone has a different opinion about the topic. Ask members who have different opinions to meet with you after the meeting. Doing so will help keep the discussion on track and reduce the chances of wasting group members’ time of great value.

Give everyone an opportunity to be heard. Some people like to control meetings, while others wait to be asked their opinions. As the leader of the meeting, you need to keep an open mind and make sure everyone feels welcome to contribute and express ideas freely.

End on time. If you said the meeting would last no longer than one hour, make sure the meeting lasts for only one hour. Running late with a meeting makes members late for other appointments, increases the chances that the members will mentally leave the meeting and reduces your reliability as an effective meeting manager.

Title: ___1.____ on How to Manage a Meeting

___2.____

Reasons

Start the meeting on time

Show the skill and___3._ an example.

Select a note-taker or have someone __4._the meeting.

Need to go back to something that was discussed during the meeting __5.____.

Learn to listen.

Listen effectively to make sure every meeting is a ___6.___.

Keep the __7.__ on track.

Reduce the chances of wasting group members’ ___8._____ time.

Give everyone an opportunity to be_9.____.

Make sure everyone feels _____10.____ to speak.

End on time

Increase your reliability.

完型填空

Many people go to school for an education. learn languages, history, geography, physics, chemistry and maths. Others go to school to learn a skill so that they can ________ . School ________ is very important and useful. Yet no one can learn everything from school. A teacher, no matter how much he ________ , cannot teach his students everything they ________ to know. The teacher's job is to show his students how to read and how to________ . So much more is to be learned ________ school by the students themselves.

It is always more important to know how to study ________ than to memorize(熟记)some facts or formula(公式). It is ________ quite easy to learn a ________ fact in history or a formula in mathematics. But it is very difficult to use a formula in ________ out a maths problem. Great scientists, such as Einstein, Newton and Galileo, didn't learn many things from school. But they were all so ________ that they invented so many things for mankind.

The ________ for their success is that they knew how to study. They read books that were not 59 at school. They worked hard all their lives, wasting not a single moment. They would ask many questions as they read and they did thousands of ________ .

1.A. Students B. They C. We D. People

2.A.make a living B.work on C.travel abroad D.go hunting

3.A. education B. degree C. lesson D. task

4.A. teaches B. knows C. learns D. practises

5.A. manage B. expect C. fail D. want

6.A. study B. play C. think D. work

7.A. From B. before C. within D. outside

8.A.by heart B.on the radio C.on the Internet D. by oneself

9.A. not B. actually(实际上) C. seldom D. known

10.A. real B. true C. certain D. great

11.A. setting B. working C. making D. doing

12.A. famous B. popular C. successful D. modest

13.A. experiment B. reason C. result D. way

14.A. kept B. showed C. expressed D. taught

15.A. duties B. jobs C. experiments D.records

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