题目内容
15.How quickly can you count from one to ten?Do you use ten different words to do it?Can you do it in English,or do you have to use your first languages?Do you count on your fingers?Many people think tikat numbers and math are the same all over the world.But scientists have discovered that it is not true.People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers.In theUnited States,people begin counting with their first fingers,which they extend or stick out.They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb(拇指) to count to five.Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten.In China,people count by using different finger positions.In this way,a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand.
Besides ways of finger counting,scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers.Some languages have only a few words for numbers,and others have no words for numbers.A group of scientists studied aboriginal(土著的) people in Australia.These people don't have hand movements to stand for numbers.They don't even have words for numbers.However,they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.
In a similar study,researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered that people of the Piranha tribe(部落) in northwestern Brazil don't have words for numbers such as"one"or 6'three".They are not able to say 66five trees"or"ten trees"but can say"some trees,""more trees,"or 66many trees."Professor Edward Gibson said that most people believe that everyone knows how to count,t6but here is a group tbat does not count.They could learn,but it isn't not useful in their culture,so they've never picked it up."
Although ali[humans are able to understand quantities(数量:),not alllanguages have numbers and not all people use counting.Number words in a certain language are a result of people needing numbers in their daily lives.Now we know that people have different ideas about numbers and math,too.
81.The writer begins with the four questions in order toB.
A.make a survey
B.interest readers
C.tell a story
D.solve math problems
82.What do we Iearn from the difference in finger counting between the U.S.and China?C
A.People from China count much faster than people from the U.S..
B.People from China need two hands to count from one to ten.
C.People of different cultures may use different ways of finger counting.
D.People of different cultures use the same way of finger counting.
83.Which of following is TRUE about aboriginal Australians?D
A.They have only a few words for numbers.
B.They have hand movements to stand for numbers.
C.They can only count to five on their fingers.
D.They can understand different ideas about numbers.
84.The study of the Piranha tribe shows thatD.
A.people all over the world know how to count
B.people of the tribe have words for number
C.some groups of people are not smart enough to count
D.counting is not usefulin the culture of the tribe
85.What is the main idea of the passage?A
A.People from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math.
B.Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans.
C In some aboriginal culture,people don't even know how to count.
D.Some languages don't bave number words because people don't need numbers.
分析 文章大意:这篇短文中作者给我们介绍的是关于数字和数学,不同的文化有不同的观点.不同文化的国家里,人们数数的方式是不同的,有些国家里根本没有表示数字的单词,他们不用数字来数数,但是他们同样理解关于数字的想法,故数字和数学并不是一回事.
解答 81-85:BCDDA
81.B 推理判断题.根据第一段How quickly can you count from one to ten?Do you use ten different words to do it?Can you do it in English,or do you have to use your first languages?Do you count on your fingers?可知,作者用这些问题开头的目的是一下子吸引读者的注意力,让读者对接下来作者要说的事情产生兴趣.故选B.
82.C 细节理解题.根据第二段People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers.可知,作者想告诉我们不同文化的国家,使用不同的手指数数的方式,故选C.
83.D 细节理解题.根据第三段However,they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers可知选项C是不正确的;根据第三段They don't even have word for numbers.可知A是不对的;根据第三段These people don't have hand movements to stand for numbers可知B是不对的;根据第三段A group of scientists studied aboriginal(土著的)people in Australia.These people don't have hand movements to stand for numbers.They don't even have word for numbers.However,they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.可知,澳大利亚的土著居民没有表示数字的单词,也没有动作来代表数字,但是他们仍然能理解关于数字的不同的想法.故选D.
84.D 细节理解题.根据第四段They could learn,but it's not useful in their culture,so they've never picked it up.可知,他们可以学数数,但是在他们的文化里,那是没用的,所以他们也不学.故选D.
85.A 主旨大意题.根据第五段People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers;Besides ways of finger counting,scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers;Although all humans are able to understand quantities(数量),not all languages have numbers and not all people use counting.可知这篇短文中作者给我们介绍的是关于数字和数学,不同的文化有不同的观点.不同文化的国家里,人们数数的方式是不同的,有些国家里根本没有表示数字的单词,他们不用数字来数数,但是他们同样理解关于数字的想法,故数字和数学并不是一回事.故选A.
点评 这篇短文中作者给我们介绍的是关于数字和数学的故事.在阅读时,应观察全文的结构安排,理解文章浓墨重笔写的"重心",考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的,分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的. 这样才会有的放矢的去解答所给题目
The boy decided to (58)D the butterfly,thinking the butterfly might be thankful.He took out a knife and cut the hole to make it (59)B.The butterfly came out of the cocoon but it looked a little different.It had a weak body and small,thin (60)D.The butterfly didn't start to fly.In fact,the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling(爬行) around with a weak body and thin wings.It was (61)A able to fly.
The boy acted with kindness,(62)C he didn't understand why it could be like this.When a butterfly crawls out of the cocoon,it must try very hard.The hard work of getting out of the cocoon makes its wings strong.It helps the butterfly be (63)B to fly.If the butterfly doesn't have to try hard to get out of the cocoon,its wings won't get strong enough for it to fly.
In our lives,pain is the key (64)A all windows.Without it,there's no way of life.We can't (65)C difficulties or problems.So,next time you have a problem or difficulty,remember the butterfly.Try hard-then fly!
| 56.A.dog | B.girl | C.hole | D.bird |
| 57.A.my | B.its | C.your | D.their |
| 58.A.eat | B.kill | C.feed | D.help |
| 59.A.older | B.bigger | C.shorter | D.warmer |
| 60.A.eyes | B.ears | C.hands | D.wings |
| 61.A.never | B.still | C.also | D.often |
| 62.A.or | B.if | C.but | D.because |
| 63.A.used | B.ready | C.glad | D.afraid |
| 64.A.to | B.on | C.in | D.at |
| 65.A.feel | B.find | C.avoid | D.stand. |
With only one look,you can see lots of differences.For example,classes in American schools are smaller than yours.Most classes have no more than 30students.Most students in the US don't wear school uniforms.And they don't have group exercise each day as the way you do.If they say your exercises,they would think you were very strange.
In fact,Chinese students and American students have very different lives.
What's the first thing you think about when you wake up in the morning?It's probably your lessons at school.Chinese students are very hard-working,always under lots of stress from their parents and teachers.Chinese students study hard at night,and sometimes even on the weekend because their exams are very important.
For Chinese students,school is life,but not for American students.They don't have to worry about passing exams all the time,so they can spend time doing things they enjoy.Kids do different things for fun,like playing sports,making music or surfing the Web.
Many American teachers think that just studying hard isn't enough to make a good student.They encourage students to become well rounded by trying lots of different things.
| Differences | US | China |
| Classes | Smaller,not more than 30students | (71)bigger |
| Uniforms | (72)don't wear school uniforms | Wear uniforms |
| Lessons | Not the only important thing | Very important,school is life |
| Stress | Not much | (73)much |
| Free time | (74)do different things for funplay sports,make music or surf the Web | Not much free time; (75)study hardEven on weekends |
| A. | health | B. | healthy | C. | healthily |