Today there are more fires than in the past . Over 100,000 wildfires burn each year in America . Russia has 20,000 to 35,000 wildfires and Australia has about 60,000 each year. These fires destroy(损害)huge areas of forests and burn hundreds of homes .

Many experts believe there are several reasons for this sudden increase in fires. The first reason is climate(气候)change . In 2010, Russia had the hottest and driest summer with strong winds in a century. In just one month, 500 fires destroyed over 2,000 homes. Some people lost their lives .

Traditional fire-fighting practices are another reason for the increase in fires. In America, firefighters used to quickly put out every fire as quickly as they could. They didn’t allow the grass and trees to burn. As a result , today many forests have thicker vegetation(植被)which provides more fuel(燃料)for fires . So surprisingly, America has many more fires today partly because of its past fire-fighting practices.

Scientists now understand that a fire can be a natural part of a healthy forest. As a result, countries like Australia allow some fires to burn naturally. The fire makes old trees thinner. This allows sunlight to reach the ground. As a result, fires help new trees to grow. Therefore , if a fire is not a serious threat(威胁)to people , firefighters may let it burn naturally .

1.Russia had so many fires in one month in 2010 because __________ .

A. lightening spread the fire

B. there was much fuel for fires

C. there were not enough firefighters

D. it was very hot , dry and windy

2.__________ because of the traditional fire-fighting practices in the USA .

A. There are fewer wildfires

B. There are more fires today

C. The weather becomes warmer and drier

D. Trees and grass become thinner

3. The main idea of Paragraph 4 is that __________ .

A. fires are serious threats to human beings

B. Australian firefighters don’t put out fires

C. fires can play an important role in forests

D. it’s difficult for firefighters to control the fires

4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ?

A. Two reasons for the increase in fires are mentioned.

B. Russia has the hottest and driest forest.

C. Australia allows all the fires to burn naturally.

D. There are more fires in Russia than in the USA.

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Making friends is a skill. Like most skills, you can improve it if you are patient. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to take action. You must first go where there are people. You won’t make friends staying home1. a _______. Joining a club or a group, talking to those who like the same things as you do is much 2.e_______. Or join someone in some activity.

Many people are n 3.________when talking to new people. After all, meeting strangers means seeing the unknown. And it’s human nature to feel a bit unpleasant about the unknown. 4. M__________of fears about dealing with new people come from doubts (怀疑) about ourselves. We imagine other people are judging us—finding us too tall or too short, too this or too that. But don’t forget that they must be feeling the 5.s_________way. Try to accept 6.y__________as you are, and try to make others feel at home. You’ll all feel more comfortable.

Try to be brave even if you don’t feel that way when you7. e________ a room full of strangers. Walk tall and straight, look 8.d ____________at other people and smile.

If you see someone you’d like to speak to, say something. Don’t wait for the 9.o______ person to start a conversation.

Just meeting someone new does not mean that you’ll make friends with that person. Friendship is based on mutual (相互的) likings and “give and take”. It10. t________time and effort (精力)for us to develop friendship. And there are things that stop a new friendship from growing.

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