Homeless people face a lot of challenges, such as not having enough to eat and no job opportunities. Some of the most basic challenges, however, are not having clean water and toiletries (卫生用品) — a big problem for homeless teens. That encouraged a young researcher to invent a multi-purpose product to help these teens.

"I was born into a life of volunteering," said 13-year-old Leia Gluckman. And that’s true. Her mom is a president of an organization providing help for homeless teens. Leia and her brother have volunteered there for years. When she was a young girl, Leia helped serve food where teens were eating. Now she’s a teenager herself, and she’s managing the toiletry and clothing work there.

From her work at the center, Leia noticed that teens asked for some toiletries more than others. What they needed most often were toothpaste, body powder (粉) and shampoo (洗发水). Leia wondered whether she could create a product to serve all three purposes.

It would need to take away dirt and oil from skin and hair. It would need to clean teeth. Also, it would need to kill bacteria (病菌) without being harmful to people. She wanted her ingredients (产品成分) to be natural, to be able to break down easily and to taste and smell pleasant. Moreover, this product had to be low-cost and have a long shelf life.

Leia started by going to stores and looking at the ingredient lists for toiletries. Then she tried eight different ways. She tested each way to see how well it worked.

Not all of them worked well. But she finally decided on three. Each includes salt and baking powder. Salt helps clean teeth and skin; baking powder helps take in bad smells. She also has some other recipes which include some special materials that give her products different tastes and smells, which would let teens choose a product based on personal preferences.

It wasn’t easy, but Leia came up with some model products. She presented them at the finals of Broadcom MASTERS science competition.

Leia wants to develop her products further. "Could it possibly be used to drive away mosquitoes (蚊子)?" she wonders.

"Science offers a way to go about solving problems and helping people," says Leia. And she thinks her products could benefit a great number of people, not just the homeless. Anyone in an area with little or no chance to get clean water could find her products useful, maybe refugees (难民) and soldiers who are sent to places without running water.

1.What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A. Leia has lived a life of volunteering for years.

B. Leia and her brother helped their mom for years.

C. Leia was born in a great family of volunteering.

D. Leia’s mom set up an organization for homeless teens.

2.Leia’s products meet homeless people’s needs mostly because ___________.

A. they are cheap and natural

B. they can offer personal choices

C. they are used to drive away mosquitoes

D. they can serve three purposes with little water

3.According to the passage, we know that ___________.

A. Leia invented the product in order to win the MASTERS competition

B. Leia’s invention came from her will to create and to help others

C. The family influence played a decisive role in Leia’s invention

D. Leia believed that science could help solve problems easily

It is important for each child to get enough sleep every day. Here, we’ll learn more about that.

1.

It usually depends on (取决于) their age. Newborns of 0 to 3 months should sleep for about 18 hours a day. Babies of 4 to 11 months should start to sleep through the night, for 9 to 12 hours at a time. 2. Children of 3 to 5 years should get 11 to 13 hours a day. Children of 6 to 13 need 9 to 11 hours of sleep. Teenagers (青少年) of 14 and up need 8 to 10 hours of sleep.

3.

Set a strict nap timetable (小睡时间表). Younger children should take a short sleep during the day. Even older children can benefit (获益 ) from late-afternoon naps if they don’t get enough sleep at night. 4.

Pay attention to screen time. Remember to ask children to turn off the television and the computer an hour before they go to bed. If possible, get them out of their bedrooms since the light from the screens can make sleep a difficult job.

Get children moving. 5. Running around and playing sports are great, but children can move in other ways too. They can take a dog for a walk or go to the park — just get them out of the house and get them moving.

根据材料内容从方框中选择合适的句子填入文中空缺处,使材料意思完整、通顺,其中有一个句子是多余的。

A. Exercise during the day can help children sleep better at night.

B. How much sleep does a child need?

C. What can parents do?

D. Ask children to finish their homework before they go to bed.

E. Children of 1 to 2 years need about 11 to 14 hours a day.

F. But keep them short — 30 minutes at most.

A. Exercise during the day can help children sleep better at night.

B. How much sleep does a child need?

C. What can parents do?

D. Ask children to finish their homework before they go to bed.

E. Children of 1 to 2 years need about 11 to 14 hours a day.

F. But keep them short — 30 minutes at most.

任务型阅读.阅读下面短文,根据短文内容,完成下列各题。

Red is the color of China. Among all the colors, red id most easily seen. The color red is fresh and pure, and in China we call it China Red. Chinese people are attracted by the color red not only because it makes people excited, but also because it has rich meaning in Chinese culture and history.

No country in the world has ever use a color in such a way as China. Here, red is a symbol. It gives color to the soul (灵魂) of the nation. In the past, red represented(代表) dignity (尊严) and mystery(神秘). Even now it is also an everlasting theme for China, and an important color for the Chinese people "China Red" has become a very popular phrase, attracting the world's attention.

Finding red-colored things in China is very easy , as you can see the color everywhere. All traditional red things playing special roles in China, Things like the wall of ancient palaces, Chinese knots(结), and even red tanghulu. It is the color of luck , health, harmony, happiness, peace, wealth and so on.

Red carries the ancient history and culture of the Chinese nation, “China Red” is filled with mysterious charm beyond description and it is right here in China waiting for you to feel and discover!

1.Why are Chinese people attracted by the color red ?

Because it makes people excited and has rich meaning in ________________.

2.In the second paragraph, what does the underlined word “it” mean?

The underlined word “it” means ________________.

3.Is finding red –colored things easy or difficult in China?

________________

4.Besides the red walls of ancient palaces and red Chinese knots. What red things played special roles in China?

________________.

5.“In China, red is more than just a color.” Can be put in front of which paragraph?

It can be put in front of the ________________ paragraph.

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