Question

【题目】

Masks, a simple protective tool, have been used by people for a long time. They can not only prevent epidemics, but also protect us from other harmful things, such as smog (雾霾) and chemicals. When was the protective mask first invented and how did it develop? Let's take a look.

1st century At this time, lots of people in the Roman Empire worked underground in mines (矿井). Many died of lung (肺部) diseases caused by dust. Pliny the Elder (23-79), a Roman philosopher, used animal bladders (膀胱) to protect miners from the dust. This was the first recorded use of protective masks.

16thcentury Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) advised people to wear a woven (纺织的) cloth dipped in water over their faces to protect against harmful chemicals.

19th century In 1848, American Lewis Hassley became the first person to patent (注册专利) a protective mask for miners. In 1897, Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz Radecki designed a simple mask with one layer of gauze (纱布). He advised medical workers to wear it to prevent infection. This was the first use of a surgical (外科的) mask.

20th Century In 1910, the pneumonic plague (肺鼠疫) broke out in Northeast China. Chinese doctor Wu Liande designed a face mask called 'Wu's mask'. It was made of two layers of gauze. The mask was praised by experts around the world because it could be produced easily and cheaply.

Today With several outbreaks of flu and the air pollution in recent years, masks have continued to develop. For example, in 2012, when China suffered from smog, mask models such as N95 and KN95 became popular. They can filter out (过滤掉) fine particulate matter (微粒物). China is now the world's largest mask producer, making out half of the world's masks.

【1】Masks have been used as __________ by people for a long time.

A.a modern fashionB.a kind of clothC.a pretty decorationD.a protective tool

【2】The first recorded use of protective masks was made of __________.

A.gauzeB.animal bladderC.clothD.chemicals

【3】__________ advised people to wear a woven (纺织的) cloth dipped in water over their faces to protect against harmful chemicals.

A.American Lewis Hassley

B.Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz Radecki

C.Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci

D.Chinese doctor Wu Liande

【4】In 19th century, what the inventors did for the mask was to___________.

A.make its models such as N95 and KN95B.patent (注册专利) them for doctors

C.design them with one layer of gauzeD.filter out (过滤掉) fine particulate matter

【5】The advantage of 'Wu's mask' is that __________.

A.it was used to prevent epidemicsB.it was invented to prevent infection.

C.it was praised by experts around the worldD.it could be produced easily and cheaply

【6】The best title of the passage can be __________.

A.Protecting miners from dustB.Wearing masks to prevent infection

C.Producing masks throughout timeD.Improving masks throughout time

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】C

【4】C

【5】D

【6】D

【解析】

这是一篇图表应用文，文章主要介绍随着时间的推移，口罩的发展历程，从动物的膀胱逐渐演变成当今的口罩。

【1】

细节理解题。根据第一段“Masks, a simple protective tool, have been used by people for a long time”口罩被人们用来做来保护工具很长时间。故选D。

【2】

细节理解题。根据“1stcentury …Pliny the Elder (23-79), a Roman philosopher, used animal bladders to protect miners from the dust. This was the first recorded use of protective masks”可知用动物的膀胱来做口罩是第一个被记录的。故选B。

【3】

细节理解题。根据“Italian artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) advised people to wear a woven cloth dipped in water over their faces to protect against harmful chemicals”可知是意大利艺术家和发明家达芬奇。故选C。

【4】

细节理解题。根据“19thcentury … Polish-Austrian doctor Johann von Mikulicz Radecki designed a simple mask with one layer of gauze. He advised medical workers to wear it to prevent infection”可知19世纪发明家设计出一层纱布的口罩。故选C。

【5】

细节理解题。根据“The mask was praised by experts around the world because it could be produced easily and cheaply”好处是制作简便又便宜。故选D。

【6】

标题概括题。文章主要介绍随着时间的推移，口罩的发展历程，从动物的膀胱逐渐演变成当今的口罩。可概括标题为Improving masks throughout time。故选D。