Question

 Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.

  Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy,he was told he was hopeless in science and finished bottom of his class. However,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell (干细胞) researcher Shiny a Yamanaka.

  Like so many scientists,Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance (坚持不懈) can lead.

  At the age of 15 in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in Biology and every other science subject. Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was quite ridiculous.

  In spite of his teacher's criticism,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab earlier and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.

  "My own belief is that we will,in the end,understand everything about how cells actually work," said Gurdon.'

  In 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic (基因的) information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone (克隆) of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create the sheep Dolly in 1996,the first cloned mammal（哺乳动物) in the world.

  In 2006,Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells. Using this technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

  "Luck favors the prepared mind," Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. "Ninety percent of the time things don't work,but when they do,you have to seize (抓住) the chance."

(   ) 1. Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?

   A. Sir John Gurdon.              B. Shinya Yamanaka.

    C. Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka. D. Gurdon's science teacher.

(   ) 2. In what order do the following things happen?

   a. create the sheep Dolly

   b. take a cell from an adult frog

   c. use a person's skin to create stem cells

   d. move the frog's genetic information into an egg cell

   e. grow into a clone of the adult frog

   A. b,a,c,d,e   B. b,d,e,a,c   C. b,d,a,c,e   D. b,e,d,a,c

(   ) 3. What does the underlined word "ridiculous" mean in Chinese?

   A. 无知的   B. 无畏的   C. 荒废的   D. 荒谬的

(   ) 4. According to the passage,which statement is TRUE?

   A. As a boy? Gurdon was told he was hopeful.

   B. Gurdon ranked first at his high school in Biology.

   C. It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

   D. In spite of his teacher's criticism,Gurdon kept working hard.

(   ) 5. What's the main idea of the passage?

   A. 90% of the time things don't work. B. Luck favours the prepared mind.

   C. Life is full of surprises.      D. How cells actually work.

Answer 1

1. C细节理解题。由题目中的关键词2012 Nobel Prizein Medicme ,可回原文定位于第二段。根据"...Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka."可知,Sir John Gurdon和Shinya Yamanaka共同获得诺贝尔医学奖。

2. B细节理解题。由题目中的关键词In what order,可回原文定位于第七、八段。正确的顺序是：take a cell from an adult frog→move the frog's genetic information into an egg cell?→grow into a clone of the adult frog→create the sheep Dolly → use a person's skin to create stem cells。

3. D词义猜测题。由题目中的关键词ridiculous,可回原文定位于第四段。根据"Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys"可以判断，这与成为一个科学家的梦想差距太大。ridiculous意为"荒谬的，可笑的"。

4. D细节理解题。根据第五段第一句"In spite of his teacher's criticism,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard."可知，不在意老师的批评， Gurdon仍然继续努力。根据第二段第二句"As a boy,he was told he was hopeless in science and finished bottom of his class."可知，他被告诉他在科学方面没有希望，排除A;根据第四段第一句"At the age of 15 in 1948.Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys..."可知，他是最后一名，排除B;根据倒数第二段最后一句"Using this technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack."可知，修复心脏是可能的，排除C.

5. B主旨大意题。文章通过Gurdon的故事说明了幸运总是光临有准备的头脑。