Question

【题目】 National disasters around the world are happening at an alarming rate in 2018. Every few weeks, we’re witnessing earthquakes that destroy whole cities, wildfires that burn thousands of lands, and cyclones that cause mass flooding.

Indonesia Tsunami(海啸）
Date	December 22, 2018
Cause	It’s believed that undersea landslides from the Anak Krakatau volcano caused a violent tsunami which struck at night.
Damages	1,500 injured and an estimated 22,000 displaced
Deaths	430

Fall 2018 California Fires
Date	November 8--November 25
Cause	Though the cause of each is unknown, three separate wildfires broke out in early November 2018: the Camp fire in Paradise; the Hill fire in the Santa Rosa Valley and the Woolsey Fire in Los Angeles and Ventura counties. The worst of the three, the Camp fire, completely destroyed the town of Paradise.
Damages	230,000+ acres (combined)
Deaths	91(combined)

The Indonesia Earthquake And Tsunami
Date	September 28, 2018
Cause	Shifting plates caused the 7.5 magnitude earthquake, and the quake set off the tsunami, which scientist couldn’t predict.
Damages	Roughly 2.4 million people were affected by the pair of natural disasters. More than 1,000 inmates from five prisons escaped after the natural disaster, and policemen are asking them return within the week.
Deaths	844 and counting
Hurricane Florence
Date		started September 13
Cause		The hurricane was caused by naturally occurring weather patterns.
Damages		Within 24hours of landfall, the massive hurricane flooded homes and streets in North Carolina. Up to 40 inches of rain flooded areas of the Carolinas. A week after the hurricane, major highways remained flooded and closed.
Death		42

Super Typhoon Mangkhut
Date	Started week of September 9, 2018
Cause	Natural occurring weather patterns
Damages	The typhoon caused massive flooding and power loss throughout Guam and Marshall. On September 16, the typhoon made landfall in Guangdong, China, killing four people.
Deaths	69+

【1】What caused the Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami in September?

A.Shifting plates.B.Explosion of the volcanoes.

C.Changes of weather patterns.D.Undersea landslides.

【2】Which natural disaster may cause the most deaths?

A.Typhoon Mangkhut.B.The Indonesia Earthquake and Tsunami.

C.Hurricane Florence.D.Fall 2018 California Fires.

【3】What does the underlined word “inmate “ mean?

A.Patients.B.Policemen.C.Prisoners.D.Doctors.

【4】Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.The hill fire is the worst among the three separate wildfires in California.

B.Typhoon Mangkhut caused damage to North Carolina and Marshall.

C.A week after Hurricane Florence, major highways became normal.

D.Natural disasters took place frequently in 2018.

【5】Where can we possibly read the passage?

A.Travel guide.B.Science fiction.C.Magazine.D.Advertisement.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】C

【4】D

【5】C

【解析】

2018年全球灾难以竟然的速度在发生，每几周我们就会见证地震摧毁城市、野火烧毁陆地和飓风引起洪水。本文以表格的方式介绍了特大的自然灾害。

【1】细节理解题。根据Shifting plates caused the 7.5 magnitude earthquake, and the quake set off the tsunami, which scientist couldn’t predict.可知板块移动导致了7.5级地震，地震引发了海啸。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据表格可知印尼海啸引起430起死亡；加利福尼亚大火引起91起死亡；印尼地震和海啸引起844起死亡；飓风引起42起死亡；台风山竹引起69起死亡。因此印尼海啸和地震引起的死亡人数最多。故选B。

【3】词义猜测题。根据…from five prisons escaped after the natural disaster, and policemen are asking them return within the week.可知这些人是从监狱跑出来的，警察要求他们一周之内回去，因此可推断他们应该是罪犯。故选C。

【4】细节理解题。根据The worst of the three, the Camp fire, completely destroyed the town of Paradise.可知三种大火里面the Camp fire是最严重的，A选项错误；根据The typhoon caused massive flooding and power loss throughout Guam and Marshall.可知山竹主要地区是Guam和Marshall，B选项错误；根据A week after the hurricane, major highways remained flooded and closed.可知飓风过后的一周，主要高速公路仍然保持淹没并关闭，C选项错误；根据National disasters around the world are happening at an alarming rate in 2018.可知2018年全球灾难以竟然的速度在发生。D选项正确。故选D。

【5】推理判断题。本文介绍了2018年一些严重的自然灾害，因此不可能出现在旅游杂志、科幻小说或者广告中。故选C。

推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包含推理和判断。推理是为了做出正确的判断，正确的判断又依附于合乎逻辑的推理。该题要求在理解表面文字的基础上做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意思和深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及食物的发展等一直信息，推断出作者没有直接表达的态度和观点。例如第5小题，题目问这篇文章会出现在什么上面。此题根据文章的结构，以及内容可以推断出，不可能出现在旅游杂志、科幻小说或者广告中。从而得出答案。