题目内容
4.Which part of the world has the most nearsighted students?Just look around you-it's East Asia.Nine in ten school leavers in major East Asian cities are nearsighted,according to the BBC.Experts say books and video games are not to blame.East Asian students,they say,aren't getting enough sunlight.People become nearsighted because their eyeballs grow out of shape and light entering their eyes cannot focus correctly.The body can produce a chemical called dopamine (多巴胺) to stop eyeballs from changing shape.And guess what scientists have just discovered?Sunlight can help our bodies produce more dopamine,reported AFP.
According to the study,primary school students in Singapore spend only 30minutes outdoors every day; in Australia,by contrast,kids spend about three hours a day outside.As a result,fewer children in Australia are nearsighted-only 10percent,compared with 90percent in Singapore.
"Children in East Asia basically go to school,go home and stay inside.They study and they watch television,"Ian Morgan of the Australian National University told AFP.
But being a bookworm or a couch potato does not directly harm the eyes,added Morgan."As long as they get outside,it doesn't seem to matter how much study they do,"he explained."There are some kids who study hard and get outside and play hard and they are generally fine.The ones who are at major risk are the ones who study hard and don't get outside.As a result of massive (巨大的) educational pressures and the construction (构成) of a child's day,the amount of time they spend outside in bright light is"minimized."
Experts suggest children should stay outside for two to three hours every day.This can include time spent in the playground and walking to and from school.
32.What is the main reason for the large number of nearsighted students in East Asia,according to scientists?B
A.Too much reading or gaming.
B.Lack of sunlight.
C.Genetic reasons.
D.Lack of exercise.
33.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?D
A.Dopamine is a chemical that causes eyeballs to grow out of shape.
B.Dopamine can stop light entering the eyes from focusing correctly.
C.Spending time in the sun can make the loss of dopamine in the body.
D.The more dopamine a person has in their body,the better eyesight he or she has.
34.According to Morgan,what kind of people are most likely to suffer from nearsightedness?D
A.Those who like watching TV.
B.Those who take exercise regularly.
C.Those who study hard and play hard outdoors.
D.Those who stay indoors studying all day.
35.The word"minimized"probably meansA
A.reduced as much as possible
B.made better use of
C.taken little notice of
D.attached much importance to.
分析 根据BBC报道在东亚的主要大城市中有十分之九的毕业生是近视眼,专家说书本和视频没有责任,他们没有获得足够的阳光.AFP报道阳光可以帮助我们的身体产生更多的多巴胺,阻止眼球变形.风险高的群体是学习刻苦又不去户外的那部分人.
解答 32.B细节理解题.根据East Asian students,they say,aren't getting enough sunlight.可知东亚的学生们没有得到充足的阳光是近视的原因.故选B.
33.D细节理解题.根据 Sunlight can help our bodies produce more dopamine,reported AFP.可知阳光可以帮助我们的身体产生更多的多巴胺,故选D.
34.D细节理解题.根据The ones who are at major risk are the ones who study hard and don't get outside.近视风险高的群体是学习刻苦又不去户外的那部分人,故选D.
35.A词义猜测题.根据上一句句意:由于巨大的教育压力和孩子们的课程,可以推断出此处应该是:他们在光明中度过的时间是减至最低数量的,故选A.
点评 做题时要在理解好文意的基础上,与题目有机的结合,从文章中找到相关细节性的句子与选项细细比对,进行选择或推理判断,选出符合文章内容的正确选项.做题注意灵活,有时可采用排除法或直选法确定出最终答案.
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