题目内容
10."The world has never been a better place to live in"says science writer Matt Ridley,"and it will keep on getting better."Read on to see how Ridley makes his case.Right or wrong?You decide.Compared with 50years ago,when I was just four years old,people now make nearly three times as much money,eat one third more food and expect to live one third longer.In fact,it's hard to find any areas of the world that's worse off now than it was then,even though the world population has more than doubled over that period.
One reason we are richer,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-lived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needs-food,clothing,fuel and shelter-have grown much cheaper.Take one example:In 1800,a candle providing one hour's light cost six hours'work.In the 1880s,the same light from a lamp took 15minutes'work to pay for.In 1950,it was eight seconds.Today,it's half a second.In these terms,we are 43,200times better off than in1800.
In the United States,rivers,lakes,seas and air are getting cleaner all the time.A car today produces less pollution traveling at full speed than a parked car did from leaks (泄漏) in 1970.
Although the world population is growing,the rate (率) of increase has been falling for 50years.Across the world,national birth rates are lower now than in 1960,and in the less developed world,the birth rate has almost halved.According to a research report from the United Nations,population will start falling once it reaches 9.2billion in 2075.After all,there are already seven billion people on earth,and they are eating better and better.
In 1970s,there were 550billion barrels (桶) of oil reserves (储存) in the world,and in the 20years that followed the world used up 600billion.So by 1990,reserves should have been overused by 50billion barrels.Instead,it is reported there are 900billion today.They will last for many years and people will find something in place of oil long before they run out.
The more we develop,the more we can develop.The more we invent,the more inventions become possible.For 200years,pessimists (people who believe that terrible things will happen in future) have had all the headlines-even though optimists have far more often been right.There are some reasons for pessimists.No charity (慈善机构) ever raised money by saying things are getting better.No journalist ever got the front page writing a story about how terrible things won't happen.Don't be a pessimist-dare to be an optimist!
52.Today,providing one hour's light costsD.
A.6 hours'work
B.15 minutes'work
C.8 seconds'work
D.0.5 second's work
53.Which of the following is true,according to the passage?D
A.Things we used to need were much cheaper than they are today.
B.The pollution today is much more serious than it was long ago.
C.Population problem has nearly made the world stop developing.
D.It's not necessary to be worried about oil reserves in the world.
54.What does the word"optimists"in the last paragraph mean?C
A.People who are brave enough to face anything terrible.
B.People who can always tell good things from bad ones.
C.People who have hopeful and happy feelings about life.
D.People who don't easily believe what they're told about.
55.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?B
A.Never Give Up
B.Cheer Up
C.Don't Be Sad
D.Think Out.
分析 作家Matt Ridley认为世界是一个前所未有的美好的居住地,而且它将更加适宜人类和生物的居住.在本文中他称自己是积极的乐观主义者,而且向读者阐述了自己的几种看法.
解答 52.D 细节理解题.根据文中第三自然段的描述及原句Today,it's half a second今天,它是半秒.故此题答案应是D.
53.D 细节理解题.根据文中第六自然段They will last for many years and people will find something in place of oil long before they run out.它们会持续很多年,人们会在石油用完之前找到石油的替代品.可知没有必要担心世界石油的储量,故D的描述是正确的.
54.C 词意猜测题.根据文中信息及最后一段的原句Don't be a pessimist-dare to be an optimist!不要做悲观主义者,要敢于成为一个乐观主义者!可知optimists的意思指的是乐观主义者,故选C.
55.B 主旨大意题.根据第一段"The world has never been a better place to live in"says science writer Matt Ridley,"and it will keep on getting better."作家Matt Ridley认为世界是一个前所未有的美好的居住地,而且它将持续变得更好;正文具体分析了原因;最后一段的原句Don't be a pessimist-dare to be an optimist!不要做悲观主义者,要敢于成为一个乐观主义者!综合起来,故答案是B(振作起来).
点评 对阅读理解能力的测试是英语考试中必不可少的测试项目,主要考查学生对于不同体裁或不同题材语言材料的理解能力,以及通过材料的阅读,对材料中信息的捕获能力.而这些能力的提高,需要同学们多多训练,多多积累.