题目内容
16.Frederic Mishkin,who's been a professor at Columbia Business School for almost 30years,is good at solving problems and expressing ideas.Whether he's standing in front of a lecture hall or engaged in a casual conversation,his hands are always waving and pointing.When he was in graduate school,one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young economist sit on his hands whenever he visited the professor's office.It turns out,however,that Mishkin's professor had it exactly wrong.Gesture doesn't prevent but promotes clear thought and speech.Research demonstrates that the movements we make with our hands when we talk form a kind of second language,adding information that's absent from our words.It's learning's secret code:Gesture reveals what we know.It reveals what we don't know.What's more,the agreement (or lack of agreement) between what our voices say and how our hands move offers a clue to our readiness to learn.
Many~f the studies establishing the importance of gesture to learning have been conducted by Susan Goldin-Meadow,a professor of psychology at the University of Chicago."We change our minds by moving our hands,"writes Goldin-Meadow in a review of this work.Particularly significant are what she calls"mismatches"between oral expression and physical gestures.A student might say that a heavier ball falls faster than a light one,for example,but make a gesture indicating that they fall at the same rate,which is correct.Such differences indicate that we're moving from one level of understanding to another.The thoughts expressed by hand motions are often our newest and most advanced ideas about the problem we're working on; we can't yet absorb these concepts into language,but we can capture them in movement.
Goldin-Meadow's more recent work strews not only that gesture shows our readiness to
learn,but that it actually helps to bring learning about.It does so in two ways.First,it elicits (~) helpful behavior from others around us.Goldin-Meadow has found that adults respond to children's speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction.Parents and teachers apparently receive the signal that children are ready to learn,and they act on it by offering a greater variety of problem-solving techniques.The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning,bringing new knowledge into consciousness and aiding the understanding of new concepts.A 2007study by Susan Wagner Cook,an assistant professor of psychology at the University of Iowa,reported that third-graders who were asked to gesture while learning algebra
were nearly three times more likely to remember what they'd learned than classmates who did not gesture.
72.According to Paragraph 1,Frederic Mishkin was asked to sit on his hands becauseC
A.he could litter express his ideas that way
B.he always pointed his finger at his professor
C.his professor did not like his gesturing
D.his gestures prevented his professor from thinking
73.How is gesturing important in acquiring knowledge?A
A.It draws tasteful responses from others and increases learning speed.
B.It promotes second language learning and quickens thinking.
C.It provides significant clues for solving academic problems.
D.It reduces students'reliance on teachers'instruction.
74.What can be inferred from the passage about gesture-speech mismatches?B
A~They can stimulate our creativity.
B.Instructors should make full use of them.
C.Teachers can hardly explain new concepts without them.
D.They serve as a stepping stone to solving real life problems.
75.What could be the best title of the passage?D
A.Hand Motions,a Second Language B.Gesturing:Signal of Understanding
C.New Uses of Gesturing D.The Secret Code of Learning.
分析 本文主要介绍了手势在学习中的作用.Frederic Mishkin,是哥伦比亚大学商学院近30年的教授,善于解决问题和表达思想.无论他是站在演讲厅前,还是在进行一次随意的谈话,他的手总是挥舞着,指着. 下文具体介绍了手势是如何在学习中发挥作用的.
解答 72 C 细节理解题:根据第一段one of his professors was so annoyed by this constant gesturing that he made the young economist sit on his hands一个教授很恼火他持续不断的手势,因此让他坐在他的手上.意思与C项吻合,故答案是C.
73 A 细节理解题:根据第四段Goldin-Meadow has found that adults respond to children's speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction戈丁草甸发现,成人通过调整他们的教学方式对孩子的语言姿势错配做出反应;The act of gesturing itself also seems to quicken learning手势的动作本身似乎也加快学习.故答案是A.
74 B 推测理解题:根据第四段Goldin-Meadow has found that adults respond to children's speech-gesture mismatches by adjusting their way of instruction戈丁草甸发现,成人通过调整他们的教学方式对孩子的语言姿势错配做出反应.即教师应该充分利用这些手势.故答案是B.
75 D 大意归纳题:根据第二段It's learning's secret code:Gesture reveals what we know.It reveals what we don't know这是学习的秘密代码:手势揭示我们所知道的,它揭示了我们不知道的.通读全文得知本文具体介绍了手势是如何在学习中发挥作用的.故答案是D.
点评 本文篇幅长,词汇复杂,句子较长,因此难度较大.结合本文,对考生阅读理解提出以下要求:1.不但要求掌握所读材料的主旨大意、中心思想,而且要求掌握文章中的详细事实与细节. 2.不但要求对于具体事实情节的理解,而且要求对其抽象含义的理解,既要理解字面意思,又要理解其深层含义,包括作者的态度、观点、意图等. 3.既要求理解文章中某句、某段的含义及全文的逻辑关系,又要求根据其含义及逻辑关系进行判断和推理. 4.既要求考生能够运用材料中的信息去理解、分析问题;又要求考生能运用中学生应有的生活常识去分析、理解问题.
In 2012in China,there were many cities taking part in this activity,especially some large cities,such as Beijing,Shanghai…Many citizens consciously (有意识的) turned off lights in the hour. (68)C In colleges some students held some activities to make all the students leave their dormitories.
It was 20:30,Beijing time.(69)D In Shanghai some people were taking a walk with their families or friends.And in Ningbo some young people were holding a party in a park,singing and dancing. (70)A
Earth Hour has a variety of activities,but the final goal is the same,that is focusing on (聚焦) climate change and protecting the environment for individuals.
请根据以上内容,从下列五个选项中选择适当的句子还原到短文中,使短文完整与正确.将其标号在答题卡上涂黑.
| A.The people from the three cities felt very relaxed. B.In 2007more than 2.2million homes and businesses turned off their lights. C.And without lights,they could also enjoy themselves. D.Some people in Beijing were having a nice talk with their friends. E.Earth Hour came to China on that day,too. |
There was a young woman who took great pride in her flower garden.She was raised by her grandmother who taught her to love and(41)Bfor flowers.So her flower garden was the best.
One day,while she was looking through a flower list she often (42)Cfrom,a picture of a plant caught her eyes.She had never (43)Ablooms(花) on a flower like that before."I have to have it,"she said to herself,and she (44)Dordered it.
When it arrived,she already had a (45)Aprepared to plant it.She planted it at the back of her yard.It grew well,with beautiful green leaves all over it,(46)Dthere were no blooms.Day after day she continued to water it,feed it,and she even talked to it trying to make it bloom.However,it was (47)B.
One morning weeks later,when standing before the vine,she felt very(48)Cthat her plant had not bloomed.She was giving thought to (49)Bit down and planting something else in its place.
It was at this point that her neighbor,whose (50)Djoined hers,called over to her."Thank you so much!You can't imagine how much I have (51)Athe blooms of that vine you planted."The young woman walked (52)Athe gate into her neighbor's yard,and sure enough,she saw that on the other side of the wall the vine was (53)Cwith blooms.
There were indeed the most beautiful blooms she had(54)Bseen.The vine had grown through the crevices(缝隙) and it had not flowered on (55)Cside of the wall,but it had flowered on the other side.
Sometimes one may not see the good result of his effort,but that doesn't mean it isn't successful.
| 41.A.look | B.care | C.search | D.pay |
| 42.A.learned | B.heard | C.ordered | D.borrowed |
| 43.A.seen | B.smelt | C.sold | D.picked |
| 44.A.finally | B.carefully | C.suddenly | D.immediately |
| 45.A.place | B.box | C.cup | D.room |
| 46.A.and | B.so | C.or | D.but |
| 47.A.endless | B.useless | C.successful | D.hopeful |
| 48.A.excited | B.nervous | C.sad | D.frightened |
| 49.A.putting | B.cutting | C.turning | D.taking |
| 50.A.balcony | B.kitchen | C.bedroom | D.yard |
| 51.A.enjoyed | B.dreamed | C.expected | D.hated |
| 52.A.through | B.across | C.above | D.below |
| 53.A.satisfied | B.connected | C.filled | D.pleased |
| 54.A.never | B.ever | C.seldom | D.usually |
| 55.A.its | B.his | C.her | D.their. |