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Movie-making factories are called studios. Like all other businesses, they have to follow the rules of good business. There is a person, called “the top man”, running the studio. He is usually someone with a powerful personality. His power of character is necessary so that the “boss” can deal with famous stars and rich investors (投资者). Some movie stars can only contract with one studio. They cannot work for another. Big studios like Columbia, Fox, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer are the most important film-making companies in Hollywood, and at the time, in the world.

Studios have lots of workers and overhead costs. Overhead refers to the money for everyday operations. The studio has to make enough money to pay everyone. For example, studios have their own screenwriters, filming and sound equipment, offices, and marketing staff. A studio has a building full of pros which are items and objects that might be needed for a movie, such as old cars, everything from old-fashioned schoolbooks to streetlights. Like a librarian, the studio property (财产) manager has to be able to find any needed pros fast.

In the studio system, a movie is under the control of the studio manager, usually a producer. A screenwriter writes the story for the movies. A director is chosen to organize the parts. Art directors and camera experts work with the director to imagine the finished film. Studio clothes designers and set designers work with the director to plan the work for the soldiers and doctors. The huge buildings that hold sound stages change into the setting for the movie. Sometimes the stage is a street, sometimes a desert, sometimes a field of flowers. The director of filming plans how to “shoot” (拍摄) the movie with cameras and film. A plan for ordering the parts of the movie and a timetable for the actors completes the planning. With makeup artists and hairdressers, cameras and sound experts, everything is ready for the big day. The actors and actresses memorize the lines, and all the parts of the great production come together. All is ready for the filming to begin. The post-production team waits to do their part of the job.

1.What are studios?

2.Why is the top man’s power of character necessary?

3.How does the studio property manager help with the movie-making?

4. Who plans how to “shoot” the movie?

5. What is the main idea of the passage?

1. Movie-making factories. 2.So that he can deal with famous stars and rich investors. 3.By finding any needed pros fast. 4. The director of filming. 5. How a studio runs to make a movie. ...
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Ready, Set, Jump!

For skydivers, the sky isn’t the limit. It’s just the beginning. Thousands if people try skydiving each year. Some only jump once, while others go on to experience lifelong adventures, flying and turning over through the air.

Skydiving is a method of leaving an airplane and returning to the earth with the help of gravity, then slowing down by using a parachute (降落伞). It may include more or less free-fall, a time during which the parachute has not been used and the body gradually accelerates (加速) to the highest speed.

There are three choices for the beginners. However, before you try skydiving, a ground course on safety is required. The first method is accelerated free-fall. You jump out of the plane while being held by two coaches, one on either side. They hold onto you until you open your parachute. The second method is called static line. After jumping out, you will experience free-fall for a second or two. Then the weight of your body will pull the line tight, opening the parachute.

Tandem (串联) is the most popular because it is the easiest. You and the coach are

tied together, the coach behind, with you in front. You jump out of the plane together, and the coach takes care of opening the parachute.

For each of these three methods, the coaches give instructions in the air with hand

signals (信号) or a radio. If you are eager to try something challenging and would love to feel the freedom of flying, skydiving might be an adventure for you. Who knows? With risk and excitement mixed together, skydiving might just change your life.

1.Do thousands of people try skydiving each year?

2.How many choices are there for the beginners?

3.Why is tandem the most popular?

4.How do the coaches give instructions in the air?

5.What is the passage mainly about?

1.Yes. 2.three/3choices. 3.three/3choices. 4.Because it is the easiest. 5.It is mainly about what the skydiving is, how to do skydiving for the beginners and the writer’s opinion on skydiv...

Today in our P. E. class, we all had to play basketball. There are only 7 girls in our P.E. class, so the class is mostly boys. And because we’re girls, they don't really like us. We hate basketball, and they hate us. So we asked them if we could sit on the chairs and not play. They agreed and so we talked and laughed happily on the chairs.

Well, today, Just while all the girls were talking happily, the P. E. teacher came in. Angrily, he looked at all the boys running around with the basketball. Seeing that not a girl was playing, he looked at us. Shaking his head, he blew his whistle( 哨子). Everyone looked up. We were all surprised.

“Why aren't you playing?” he asked us.

“Well,they said that we didn’t have to play,Mr. Backus!” We quickly blamed(归咎于) the boys, afraid to get into trouble.

“What? They didn't want to play!” the boys didn't want to get into trouble, either. Mr. Backus told us to get up and made all of us run around the playground for 5 minutes. Later, he made us sit down and listen to him. The boys complained, but he made them listen anyway.

“Am I ever unfair to you?” he asked. We all shook our heads. It was true. Mr. Backus was the nicest P. E. teacher ever! He never shouted and complained. He was just nice. “Well, then I hope you are fair to me. I don t care whose fault(错误) it was. One person’s fault, the whole class’s fault. Understand?”

We nodded and waited. It was the only thing he ever asked us to do: to be fair. It was not much; it was not anything. So we listened on.

“This time I catch you not doing anything, you run for 5 minutes. Next time. you run for 10 minutes. It’s your choice. You could play games or run. I don’t really care, but I think you care. Remember, one person's fault: the whole class's fault. Got it?”

As we nodded again, he left. We could see him smile as he closed the door. Mr. Backus was just too nice. That was why we all liked him and he certainly loved us.

1.Do the girls in the class like basketball?

___________________________________________________________

2.What did the girls do in their P. E. class?

___________________________________________________________

3.How long did Mr. Backus ask the students to run?

___________________________________________________________

4.What did the students think of Mr. Backus?

___________________________________________________________

5.What did Mr. Backus want his students to learn from his lesson?

___________________________________________________________

1.No, they don’t. 2.They talked and laughed happily on the chairs. 3.For 5 minutes. 4.He was nice / a good teacher. 5.They should be responsible for what they do. 【解析】本文作者讲述了自己一次上体育课发生的...

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