Question

【题目】

In ancient (古代)China, people's names had three parts (部分) : their family name(姓), given name (名) and courtesy name (字).

Take Li Bai, a famous Tang Dynasty poet (唐代诗人). His family name was Li, his given name was Bai (白), and his courtesy name was Taibai (太白).

People used their given name when they were among family members. But in social(社交的) life, they called each other by their courtesy names to show respect.

Men would get their courtesy name when they turned 20. It was a symbol of adulthood (成年). Women would get their courtesy name after getting married (结婚).

One's courtesy name often had something to do with one's given name. For example, Mencius' name was Meng Ke (孟轲). His courtesy name was Ziyu (子舆). Both Ke and Ziyu mean “carriage (马车)”。Zhuge Liang's given name was Liang (亮),which means “bright”. His courtesy name was Kongming (孔明), and it means “very bright”.

【1】_________ is usually taken from the father's family name.

A.family nameB.given nameC.courtesy name

【2】People used their given name when they were among_________.

A.family membersB.friendsC.workmates(同事)

【3】Men will get their courtesy name when they turn _________ years old. It means they are adults.

A.18B.20C.25

【4】Their courtesy names often sound like their__________, or have the same meaning.

A.family name.B.given nameC.courtesy name.

【5】In social life, people call each other by their__________ to show respect.

A.family nameB.given nameC.courtesy name

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】A

【3】B

【4】B

【5】C

【解析】

本文讲述了中国古代名字的组成。古代中国的名字分为三个部分，姓氏，名和字，如李白姓李名白，字太白。在家里一般叫名，在外面别人一般叫字表示尊重。男子二十岁即有自己的字，女子婚后有自己的字。一般字和名的意义是差不多的。

【1】细节理解题。根据常识可知在中国古代一个人的姓是取自父亲的姓。故选A。

【2】细节理解题。根据文中“People used their given name when they were among family members.”可知在家人面前是叫名。故选A。

【3】细节理解题。根据文中“Men would get their courtesy name when they turned 20 It was a symbol of adulthood”可知在二十岁时，男子便可以有自己的字。故选B。

【4】细节理解题。根据文中“One's courtesy name often had something to do with one's given name.”可知名和字是相关联的。故选B。

【5】细节理解题。根据文中“they called each other by their courtesy names to show respect.”可知在社交时，人们会叫人的字以示尊重。故选C。

做阅读理解题中的细节理解题的技巧是学会读懂题意，找到关键词或者关键信息，再回到文章中定位相关信息；如第二小题中的关键词是given name和 among，根据这个我们可以找到People used their given name when they were among family members. 因此可以的出准确答案。