题目内容
18.Which part of the world has the most nearsighted(近视的)students?Just look around you----it's East Asia.Nine in 10school leavers in major East Asian cities are nearsighted,according to the BBC.Experts say books and video games are not to blame.East Asian students,they say,aren't getting enough sunlight.People become nearsighted because their eyeballs grow out of shape and light entering their eyes cannot focus(聚焦) correctly.The body can produce a chemical called dopamine (多巴胺) to stop eyeballs from changing shape.Sunlight can help our bodies produce more dopamine,reported AFP.
According to the study,primary school students in Singapore spend only 30minutes outdoors every day; in Australia,kids spend about three hours a day outside.As a result,fewer children in Australia are nearsighted----only 10percent,compared with 90percent in Singapore.
"Children in East Asia usually go to school…go home and stay inside.They study and they watch television,"Ian Morgan of the Australian National University told AFP.
But being a bookworm or a couch potato does not directly harm the eyes,added Morgan."As long as they get outside,it doesn't seem to matter how much study they do,"he explained."There are some kids who study hard and get outside and play hard and they are generally fine.The ones who are at major risk are the ones who study hard and don't get outside."
Scientists used to believe that people from Asian countries were genetically(由基因决定的)more likely to become nearsighted.However,when they found the proportion (比例) of nearsighted people in these countries had increased from 30to 90percent in the past few decades(十年),they realized they were wrong.
"Any type of simple genetic explanation just doesn't fit with that speed of change; gene pools just don't change in two generations,"said Morgan.What has changed is the time children spend outdoors.As a result of massive (巨大的) educational pressures and the construction(构成)of a child's day,the amount of time they spend outside in bright light is minimized."
Experts suggest children should stay outside for two to three hours every day.This can include time spent in the playground and walking to and from school.
41.What is the main reason for the large number of nearsighted students in East Asia,according to scientists?B
A.Too much reading or gaming.
B.Lack(欠缺) of sunlight.
C.Genetic reasons.
D.Lack of exercise.
42.What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?C
A.Dopamine is a chemical that causes eyeballs to grow out of shape.
B.Dopamine can stop light entering the eyes from focusing correctly.
C.Spending time in the sun helps increase levels of dopamine in the body.
D.The more dopamine a person has in their body,the better eyesight he or she has.
43.According to Morgan,what kind of people are most likely to suffer from nearsightedness?D
A.Those who like watching TV.
B.Those who take exercise regularly.
C.Those who study hard and play hard outdoors.
D.Those who stay indoors studying all day.
44.The underlined word"minimized"in the passage probably meansA.
A.reduced as much as possible
B.made better use of
C.taken little notice of
D.paid much attention to
45.What's the best title of this passage?A
A.Eyes need to see the sun
B.The most nearsighted students in the world
C.People become nearsighted
D.Books and video games are not to blame.
分析 本文大意:根据BBC报道在东亚的主要大城市中有十分之九的毕业生是近视眼,专家说书本和视频没有责任,他们没有获得足够的阳光.AFP报道阳光可以帮助我们的身体产生更多的多巴胺,阻止眼球变形.风险高的群体是学习刻苦又不去户外的那部分人.
解答 41-45BCDAA
41题答案:B 细节理解题.根据East Asian students,they say,aren't getting enough sunlight.他们说东亚的学生们没有得到充足的阳光,可知选B
42题答案:C 细节理解题.根据 Sunlight can help our bodies produce more dopamine,reported AFP.AFP报道阳光可以帮助我们的身体产生更多的多巴胺,可知选C
43题答案:D 细节理解题.根据The ones who are at major risk are the ones who study hard and don't get outside.风险高的群体是学习刻苦又不去户外的那部分人,可知选D.
44题答案:A考查细节理解题,根据文中的他们在外面明亮的光线下的时间最小化,也就是尽量最少化,故答案是A.
45题答案:A考查细节理解题,根据文中的大意根据BBC报道在东亚的主要大城市中有十分之九的毕业生是近视眼,专家说书本和视频没有责任,他们没有获得足够的阳光.AFP报道阳光可以帮助我们的身体产生更多的多巴胺,阻止眼球变形.风险高的群体是学习刻苦又不去户外的那部分人,故答案是A.
点评 本文是一篇日常生活类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题,做题时结合原文和题目有针对 性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案.
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