Question

【题目】 November 5 is World Tsunami(海啸) Awareness Day. Tsunami is a Japanese word for a long, destructive(摧毁性的) ocean wave caused by an undersea earthquake. The goal of the anniversary is to learn from disasters(灾害) of the past and to prepare for the future. Two tsunamis in the last 15 years have changed the way people around the world think about these destructive events.

On December26, 2004, a magnitude (震级) 9 earthquake near the coast of Indonesia caused tsunami waves that struck the coasts of four countries. An estimated(估计的) 230,000 people died and costs were in the billions of dollars. Then, on March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9 earthquake struck northeastern Japan. It was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in that country. More than18,000 people died. The tsunami also caused serious damage to the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power center on the island of Honshu. Several nuclear reactors(核 反应堆) were severely(严重地) damaged and leaked(泄漏) radiation(辐射).

The two events caused people in the Pacific and Indian Ocean areas to study and improve preparedness for disasters. This led to the SendaiFrameworkfor DisasterRiskReductionin 2015 in Sendai, Japan. The agreement was a UN effort to raise awareness(提高意识) about disaster risks and to urge(催促) countries to assess(评估)how well they were prepared for them.

Willem Rampangilei is head of the Disaster Management Agency in Indonesia. He said Indonesia passed a law on disaster management after the 2004 tsunami. It led in 2008 to the creation of his agency. “Our responsibilities include reduction and preparedness, emergency response, as well as post-disaster recovery and reconstruction(重新建设),” he said. He added that 150 million Indonesians were at risk from earthquakes, 60 million from floods and four million from tsunamis.

Preparedness has spread beyond Asia. There are now early warning systems in place for the Caribbean Sea, the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and surrounding(周围的) areas.

【1】What does the underlined word mean in the passage?

A.Knowledge.B.Preparation.

C.Day of remembrance.D.Change.

【2】What do we learn from the second paragraph?

A.Natural disasters are too powerful for people to survive.

B.Earthquakes and tsunamis often take place on islands.

C.Nuclear reactors can be safe even if damaged in an earthquake.

D.Natural disasters can cause great losses to humans.

【3】One of the aims of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction is .

A.to reduce the damage caused by disasters.

B.to make people know more about disaster risks.

C.to help people get away from disasters.

D.to help with the reconstruction after the disaster.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】D

【3】B

【解析】

这篇短文主要讲述了海啸的相关知识，并指出气象局可以检测海啸发生，并给人李伟语境。

【1】词句猜测。根据下文“to learn from disasters(灾害) of the past and to prepare for the future.”可知，纪念日的目的是向过去的灾难学习，为将来做准备。可知上文中anniversary的意思是“纪念日”。Knowledge.知识；Preparation. 准备；Day of remembrance纪念日；Change改变。

根据题意，故选C。

【2】段落大意。根据文中“On December26, 2004, a magnitude (震级) 9 earthquake near the coast of Indonesia caused tsunami waves that struck the coasts of four countries.” 2004年12月26日，印度尼西亚海岸附近发生里氏9级地震，引发海啸，袭击了4个国家的海岸。及“Then, on March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9 earthquake struck northeastern Japan. It was the most powerful earthquake ever recorded in that country.” 随后，2011年3月11日，日本东北部发生里氏9级地震。这是那个国家有史以来最强烈的地震。可知本段主要讲述了自然灾害会给人类造成巨大损失。故选D。

【3】细节理解。根据文中“This led to the SendaiFrameworkfor DisasterRiskReductionin 2015 in Sendai, Japan. The agreement was a UN effort to raise awareness(提高意识) about disaster risks and to urge(催促) countries to assess(评估)how well they were prepared for them.”可知，仙台减少灾害风险框架的目标之一是使人们更多地了解灾害风险。故选B。