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One of the most interesting projects in oceanography(海洋学) is the work of mapping the ocean floor. Only a very small part of it has been mapped .This was not important when only surface ships sailed the world’s oceans, but it can mean the difference between life and death to men in submarines(潜艇).

 Long ago there was only one way to find out how deep the ocean was .A seaman could throw a weighted rope over the side of his ship. Then he pulled the rope up after it had reached the bottom. But this was not a very exact way of measuring.

  In the twelfth century a better way was found. Sound was used to measure the ocean. An American Navy ship sailed the ocean to make an experiment. Seamen dropped a number of devices that would give out a loud noise when they hit the bottom. And a device had been invented measured the time it took for the sound to reach the ship .It helped oceanographer map the ocean floor.

Underwater photography is also important in mapping parts of the ocean floor. With the new methods that have been perfected, cameras can take pictures of the underwater valleys even in color.

1.Mapping the ocean floor is the most important to people__  .

A. on ships  B. in boats  C. in the sea  D. in submarines

2. Which way was used to measure the depth of the ocean in the past?

A. Using a weighted rope   B. Using a seaman

C. Using a boat            D. Using sound

3. What did the seamen use when they did the experiment?

A. Stones    B. Instruments  C. Devices  D . Ropes

4.We can know from the last paragraph that_.

A .camera is the only perfect way of mapping the ocean floor.

B. camera will take the place of any other instrument.

C. camera can map any part of the ocean floor.

D. camera is one of the new ways to map the ocean floor.

5. How many ways have been used to map the ocean floor?

A. Two    B. Three      C. Four    D. F


For many years , Hawaii has been a magic name to people who like to travel. People on both sides of the Pacific Ocean(太平洋), in Japan and in America, dream of seeing these beautiful islands in the middle of ocean. They dream to see the sunset over the ocean. In the tropical (热带的)lands, the sun drops like a ball of golden fire into the sea. And it drops so quickly that you can almost see it move. The sun leaves behind a glow(绚丽光芒)) that lights the skies in the quiet water.

People often have a quiet, relaxing time, walking along the water. This scene is not too different from the beauty that greeted the first strangers to these islands hundreds years ago. They were Polynesia people who came from Tahiti in canoes that much bigger than small boats.

   They found the beautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm trees(摇曳的棕榈树), but there were no big hotels like the ones we see nowadays . The first people came to Hawaii nearly two thousand years ago, but tall hotels were only built in the last 30 years. Now jet airplanes make it possible to fly to Hawaii for a weekend from Tokyo or San Francisco or Los Angeles.

   Wherever people come from, they really want to see the original(原始的) beauty of Hawaii. They want to see the lovely beaches and the mountains called Diamond Head which is almost hidden by the tall hotels.

1. Hawaii is a name __________.

A. given by people who like to travel

B. attracting a lot of travelers

C. with an interesting story behind it

D. talked about by both the Japanese and Americans.

2.___________ first came to Hawaii and began to live there ?

A. The Japanese                    B. Americans

C. The Polynesia people              D. The travelers

3. Which of the following does not belong to “the original beauty of Hawaii”

A. White sand beaches          B. Waving palm trees

C. Tall hotels                  D. The Diamond Head Mountain

4. The underlined word canoe is a kind of ________ .

A. tree           B. bus         C. plane           D. boat

5. The last paragraph suggests(暗示出) ______________.

A. The scenery (风景)nowadays is different from the original beauty

B.      It is not quite easy to see the original beauty, because some of the scenery is almost hidden by tall hotels

C. The scenery nowadays is unchanged

D.It is difficult to see the original beauty because things have completely changed in the last twenty-five years

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