题目内容
1.Although most people believe that laughter is one of the nature's great treatments for a whole range of mental and physical diseases,it is still a serious scientific subject that researchers are trying to figure out."Laughter above all else is a social thing,"says Baltimore neuroscientist(神经科学家),Robert Provine,who has studied laughter for many years."All laughter groups laugh‘ha-ha-ha'basically the same way.Whether you speak Mandarin,French or English,everyone will understand laughter.There is a pattern generator(发生器) in our brain that produces this sound."
Laughing is our first way of communicating.Babies laugh long before they speak.No one teaches them how to laugh.They just do.People may laugh at a prank(恶作剧) on April Fools'Day.But surprisingly,only 10to 15percent of laughter is the result of someone making a joke.Laughter is mostly about social responses rather to a joke.Deaf people laugh without hearing and people on cell phones laugh without seeing,showing that laughter isn't dependent on single sense but on social interactions.
And laughter is not just a people thing.Chimps tickle(挠痒) each other and even laugh when another chimp pretends to tickle them.
Jaak Panksepp,a Bowling Green University Psychology professor,studies rats that laugh when he tickles them.It turns out rats love to be tickled-they return again and again to the hands of researchers tickling them.
By studying rats,scientists can figure out what's going on in the brain during laughter.Northwestern University biomedical engineering professor,Jeffrey Burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁药).He thinks the same thing probably happens in humans,too.This would give doctors a new chemical target to develop drugs that can fight depression.
Even so,laughter itself has not been proved to be the best medicine,experts said.Margaret Stuber,a professor at University of California,studied whether laugher helped patients.She found that distraction(分心) and mood improvement helped,but she could not find a benefit of laughter alone.
"No study has shown that laughter produces a direct health benefit,"Provine said,mainly because it's hard to separate laughter from just feeling good.But he thinks it doesn't really matter:"Isn't the fact that laughter feels good when you do it enough?"
52.The underlined word"figure out"in Paragraph 6means"B".
A.deal with
B.work out
C.look out of
D.come up with
53.According to the passage,scientists studied rats in order to findC.
A.how they laugh
B.if they like laughing
C.what laughter in rats produces
D.how rats react while being tickled
54.What can we know from Robert Provine's research?D
A.Laughter makes a person feel good.
B.Laughter produces a direct health benefit.
C.Laughter depends on all kinds of senses.
D.Laughter is a way of communicating.
55.What is probably the best title for this passage?D
A.Why Rats Laugh
B.When Laughter Happens
C.How Laughter Works
D.Why Laughter Matters.
分析 文章大意:
这篇文章介绍了一项对笑的新研究,和以往人们的观点不同的是,研究人员发现笑是人类社会化的反应,而且动物也有相同的情况.
所有人都知道微笑对我们的身体及精神都有很大的帮助作用,但事实上我们并不清楚大笑对我们有好处的原因.
笑从本质上来说是社会性的东西,不只是在人类中才有,动物中也有.
因此,科学家研究老鼠是为了看在老鼠笑时会产生什么,通过研究发现大笑时会产生一种化学物质,其作用相当于抗抑郁药.
解答 52.B,词意猜测题.文中提到"Jeffrey Burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant"教授发现大笑时会产生一种化学物质,其作用相当于抗抑郁药,由此可知人们已经弄清楚了大笑时大脑的反应,由此确定figure out是解决的意思,故选B.
53.C,细节理解题.根据文中信息Northwestern University biomedical engineering professor,Jeffrey Burgdorf has found that laughter in rats produces a chemical that acts as an antidepressant(抗抑郁药).可知科学家研究老鼠是为了看在老鼠笑时会产生什么,故选C.
54.D,细节理解题.根据文中信息"Laughter above all else is a social thing,"says Baltimore neuroscientist(神经科学家),Robert Provine,who has studied laughter for many years.可知笑从本质上来说是社会性的东西,故选D.
55.D,主旨大意题,文中提到"Although most people believe that laughter is one of the nature's great treatments for a whole range of mental and physical diseases,it is still a serious scientific subject that researchers are trying to figure out."所有人都知道微笑对我们的身体及精神都有很大的帮助作用,但事实上我们并不清楚大笑对我们有好处的原因,而下问通过一系列的实验及推论都在说明大笑的好处,由此可以判定答案为D,为什么笑如此重要.
点评 对于阅读表达题,一定要记得首先通读全文,了解文章大意,然后再根据文章关键词,关键句,掌握细节问题,并进行推理判断,再去回答具体的问题.
Every summer,when the first watermelons arrived,Bernie would (42)C.Dad and I would go to Bernie's place.We'd sit on the edge of the dock(码头),feet dangling(摇晃),and got ready for a big meal.
Bernie would take his knife,cut our first watermelon,hand us both a big piece and sit down(43)A to us.Then we'd bury our (44)D in watermelon,eating only the heart-the reddest,juiciest,firmest,sweetest,most seed-free part-and (45)B the rest.
Bernie was my father's idea of a rich man.I always thought it was because he was such a(46)B businessman.Years later,I realized that it was not Bernie's wealth itself but his(47)C of dealing with it that my father liked.Bernie knew how to stop working,get together with friends and eat only the (48)D of the watermelon.
(49)C I learned from Bernie is that being rich is a state of mind.Some of us,no matter how much money we have,will never be(50)A enough to eat only the heart of the watermelon.If you don't take the time to dangle your feet over the dock and (51)D life's small pleasure,your work is probably (52)B your life.
For many years,I forgot that(53)A I'd learned as a kid on the loading dock.I was too busy making all the money I could.
Well,I've relearned it.I hope I have time left to enjoy the (54)C of others and to (55)B pleasure in the day.That's the heart of the watermelon.I have learned again to throw the rest away.
| 41.A.owned | B.worked | C.shopped | D.bought |
| 42.A.say | B.talk | C.call | D.tell |
| 43.A.next | B.near | C.beside | D.around |
| 44.A.months | B.noses | C.eyes | D.faces |
| 45.A.put away | B.throw away | C.take away | D.give away |
| 46.A.good | B.successful | C.helpful | D.thoughtful |
| 47.A.opinion | B.idea | C.way | D.thought |
| 48.A.peel | B.rest | C.part | D.heart |
| 49.A.Which | B.That | C.What | D.Where |
| 50.A.free | B.happy | C.busy | D.sure |
| 51.A.make | B.have | C.like | D.enjoy |
| 52.A.destroying | B.hurting | C.injuring | D.damaging |
| 53.A.lesson | B.experience | C.example | D.model |
| 54.A.successful | B.succeed | C.success | D.successful |
| 55.A.bring | B.take | C.carry | D.fetch. |
| 36.A.finished | B.finishes | C.will finish |
| 37.A.closed | B.opened | C.turned on |
| 38.A.are | B.were | C.was |
| 39.A.Suddenly | B.Finally | C.Differently |
| 40.A.putting on | B.dressing | C.wearing |
| 41.A.upset | B.happy | C.nervous |
| 42.A.sweater | B.jacket | C.coat |
| 43.A.brother | B.sister | C.son |
| 44.A.brought | B.carried | C.took |
| 45.A.disappointment | B.surprise | C.sadness. |
Most sporting arenas(竞技场)have rules for audience written on the back of the tickets.Read your ticket carefully before you arrive.Try to reach your seat half an hour before the start of the event and don't leave when a game is in progress.When you have,remember to take away your soft drink bottles and other rubbish.
During exciting games,try to control yourself.Don't criticize the performance of players and coaches.Be careful with your words,since some may cause anger among other people in the audience.
Clapping is a special form of body language you can use to communicate with players,but you should do it properly.When players first appear,clap your hands together to welcome them,but don't go on for too long.After an excellent performance,clap warmly.If someone fails,your clapping will help encourage them.
Clapping is not welcome,however,while players need to keep their attention.Various sports have various rules for the audience.
Enjoying artistic gymnastics silence.But lots of cheering can really help basketball and football players.When you watch snooker and table tennis matches,flash photography is not allowed.Mobile phones are not allowed in shooting centers.
To be a good audience,you should take time to learn the game-particular rules and related culture of each event.
Title:Good Audience Manners
| Topic | (61)Rules. | |
| Before games | Sporting arenas | •read your tickets carefully •reach and leave there in time •take your (62)rubbish away when leave |
| During games | Exciting games | pay attention to your behaviour and (63)words |
| Clapping | use it properly | |
| artistic gymnastics | keep silent | |
| Basketball and football | You should cheer | |
| Snooker (64)and table tennis | You should not take photos. | |
| Shooting centers | Don't use mobile phones | |
| (65)Conclusion | How to be a good audience | to learn the game particular rules and culture |
| plant without fifteen light already |
42.I'vealready seen the movie Avatar,so I'd rather see another one.
43.A lot of people find they can't get jobswithout experience.
44.Many young trees wereplanted on March 12th.
45.Myfifteenth birthday will be in next month.