Question

【题目】 Is there a way to quickly remember information just before taking an exam? Walking backwards might be a way to solve this problem. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.

Researchers asked 114 volunteers to watch a video. After watching the video, volunteers were divided into three groups. One group was told to walk 10 metres forward. The second group walked 10 metres backward. The third group stood in one place. All three groups were then asked 20 questions about what they saw in the video.

The scientists found that the backward- walking group got two more.answers correct on average than the other groups.

This suggests that the relationship between the concepts(概念）of time and space is important considering how our minds form memories. "Time is really expressed via(通过）space,”Aleksandar Aksentijevic, who led the study, told The Daily Mail. When you walk backward, you see things from a different way compared to walking forward. This difference helps people recall things that happened in the past.

And walking backward is not just good for our brains. It is also good for the rest of our body. Compared to walking forward, walking backward is more challenging. This can ameliorate our health, according to New Scientist, Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories.

Besides, walking backward is less stressful for our knees. It could.be helpful for people who often have pain in their knees, according to researchers from the Unegon in the US. Walking backward also keeps our spines（脊柱）strong, which can help to reduce pain in the lower back. This might be why many old people like walking backward.

【1】In the experiment, the first group was asked to_________.

A. walk 10 metres forward

B. walk 10 metres backward

C. keep on moving around

D. stand in one place

【2】The experiment shows that walking backward____________.

A. puts less tress on our knees

B. helps with the rest of our body

C. uses more energy in a short time .

D. improves the short-term memory

【3】The underlined word “ameliorate” in the passage means"_______________."

A. harmB. improveC. controlD. spread

【4】According to New Scientist,why is walking backward helpful?

A. It helps people remember information

B. It helps people burn more calories.

C. It reduces pain in people's knees and backs.

D. It allows people to solve problems in different ways

【5】What is the best title for this passage?

A. Let's exercise our brainB. Let's do an experiment

C. Let's walk backwardD. Let's do more exercise

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】D

【3】B

【4】B

【5】C

【解析】

短文大意：短文通过实验对比，发现倒着走路能提高短时记忆，具有在短时间内消耗更多的能量，燃烧更多的卡路里，有助于减少腰背部的疼痛等诸多好处，建议人们通过倒着走进行锻炼。

【1】题意：在实验中，第一组被要求向前走10米。考查细节理解。根据One group was told to walk 10 metres forward.，可知第一组被要求向前走10米，故选A。

【2】题意：实验表明，倒着走路能提高短时记忆。考查细节理解。根据开头Walking backwards might be a way to solve this problem. Scientists from the University of Roehampton in the UK said this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.（倒着走路这种活动可以帮助人们改善短期记忆），结合实验结果The scientists found that the backward- walking group got two more answers correct on average than the other groups.（后向行走组比其他组平均多答对两个问题），可知倒着走路能提高人的短时记忆，故选D。

【3】题意：文中划线的单词“ameliorate”的意思是“_______________”。考查词义理解。根据下文according to New Scientist, Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories. （倒着走路在短时间内消耗更多的能量，燃烧更多的卡路里），可知倒着走路能改善我们的健康，improve改善，故选B。

【4】题意：据《新科学家》杂志报道，为什么倒着走路有帮助?考查细节理解。根据according to New Scientist, Walking backward uses more energy in a short time and burns more calories.（根据《新科学家》的研究，倒着走路在短时间内消耗更多的能量，燃烧更多的卡路里），可知It helps people burn more calories.（它帮助人们燃烧更多的卡路里）说法正确，故选B。

【5】题意：这篇文章最好的题目是什么?考查标题归纳。A. Let's exercise our brain让我们锻炼大脑；B. Let's do an experiment让我们做个实验；C. Let's walk backward 让我们倒着走；D. Let's do more exercise让我们多做运动。根据Walking backwards might be a way to solve this problem. …this activity can help people improve their short-term memory.，结合文中的实验对比，可知介绍的是倒着走的好处，故选C。