ÌâÄ¿ÄÚÈÝ
13£®ÏÖÓÐCuSO4ÈÜÒº¡¢BaCl2ÈÜÒº¡¢Na0HÈÜÒº£®Ï¡H2SO4¡¢K2CO3ÈÜÒº£¬°´ÌâĿҪÇ󣬴ÓÒÔÉÏÎïÖÊÖÐÑ¡ÔñÍê³ÉÒÔÏ·½³Ìʽ£º£¨1£©Éú³ÉÀ¶É«³ÁµíµÄ·´Ó¦2NaOH+CuSO4¨TNa2SO4+Cu£¨OH£©2¡ý
£¨2£©ËáÓëÑη´Ó¦Éú³É°×É«³ÁµíBaCl2+H2SO4¨TBaSO4¡ý+2HCl
£¨3£©ÓÐÆøÌå²úÉúµÄ·´Ó¦K2CO3+H2SO4¨TK2O4+H2O+CO2¡ü
£¨4£©·¢ÉúÁËÖкͷ´Ó¦2NaOH+H2SO4¨TNa2SO4+2H2O
£¨5£©ÑÎÓëÑη´Ó¦Éú³É°×É«³ÁµíBaCl2+CuSO4¨TBaSO4¡ý+CuCl2£¨ºÏÀí¼´¿É£©£®
·ÖÎö Ê×Ïȸù¾Ý·´Ó¦ÔÀíÕÒ³ö·´Ó¦Îï¡¢Éú³ÉÎï¡¢·´Ó¦Ìõ¼þ£¬¸ù¾Ý»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄÊéд·½·¨¡¢²½Ö裨д¡¢Åä¡¢×¢¡¢µÈ£©½øÐÐÊéд¼´¿É£®
½â´ð ½â£º£¨1£©ÁòËáÍÈÜÒºÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÍÀ¶É«³ÁµíºÍÁòËáÄÆ£¬·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ£º2NaOH+CuSO4¨TNa2SO4+Cu£¨OH£©2¡ý£®
£¨2£©BaCl2ÈÜÒºÓëÏ¡H2SO4·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËá±µ°×É«³ÁµíºÍÑÎËᣬ·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪBaCl2+H2SO4¨TBaSO4¡ý+2HCl£®
£¨3£©Ì¼Ëá¼ØÓëÏ¡ÁòËá·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËá¼Ø¡¢Ë®ºÍ¶þÑõ»¯Ì¼£¬·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪK2CO3+H2SO4¨TK2O4+H2O+CO2¡ü£®
£¨4£©Ï¡ÁòËáÓëÇâÑõ»¯ÄÆÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËáÄÆºÍË®£¬·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪ2NaOH+H2SO4¨TNa2SO4+2H2O£®
£¨5£©BaCl2ÈÜÒºÓëCuSO4ÈÜÒº·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÁòËá±µ°×É«³ÁµíºÍÂÈ»¯Í£¬ÊÇÑÎÓëÑη´Ó¦Éú³É°×É«³Áµí£¬·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽΪBaCl2+CuSO4¨TBaSO4¡ý+CuCl2£¨ºÏÀí¼´¿É£©£®¹Ê´ð°¸Îª£º£¨1£©2NaOH+CuSO4¨TNa2SO4+Cu£¨OH£©2¡ý£»£¨2£©BaCl2+H2SO4¨TBaSO4¡ý+2HCl£»£¨3£©K2CO3+H2SO4¨TK2O4+H2O+CO2¡ü£»£¨4£©2NaOH+H2SO4¨TNa2SO4+2H2O£»£¨5£©BaCl2+CuSO4¨TBaSO4¡ý+CuCl2£¨ºÏÀí¼´¿É£©£®
µãÆÀ ±¾ÌâÄѶȲ»´ó£¬¿¼²éѧÉú¸ù¾Ý·´Ó¦ÔÀíÊéд»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬»¯Ñ§·½³ÌʽÊéд¾³£³öÏֵĴíÎóÓв»·ûºÏ¿Í¹ÛÊÂʵ¡¢²»×ñÊØÖÊÁ¿Êغ㶨ÂÉ¡¢²»Ð´Ìõ¼þ¡¢²»±ê·ûºÅµÈ£®
| A£® | ¼îÀàÎïÖÊÒ»¶¨ÄÜʹ·Ó̪ÊÔÒº±äºì | |
| B£® | ÓÐÑκÍË®Éú³ÉµÄ·´Ó¦Ò»¶¨ÊÇÖкͷ´Ó¦ | |
| C£® | ËáÓê¾ÍÊÇÖ¸pH£¼5.6µÄÓêË® | |
| D£® | pH=0µÄÈÜÒº¼È²»ÏÔËáÐÔ£¬Ò²²»ÏÔ¼îÐÔ£¬³ÊÖÐÐÔ |
| A | B | C | D |
| ¼ø±ðNaCl¡¢Na2SO4 | ÑéÖ¤ÖÊÁ¿Êغ㶨ÂÉ | ̽¾¿´óÀíʯ·Ö½â²úÎï | ̽¾¿È¼ÉÕÌõ¼þ |
| A£® | A | B£® | B | C£® | C | D£® | D |
| A£® | ¢Ù¢Ú¢Û¢Ü¢Ý | B£® | ¢Ú¢Ù¢Ü¢Û¢Ý | C£® | ¢Ù¢Ü¢Ú¢Û¢Ý | D£® | ¢Ú¢Û¢Ü¢Ù¢Ý |
| A£® | ²âÁ¿¿ÕÆøÖÐÑõÆøµÄº¬Á¿Ê±£¬µãȼºìÁ׺óҪѸËÙÉìÈë¼¯ÆøÆ¿ÖÐ | |
| B£® | ÓÃÅÅË®·¨ÊÕ¼¯ÑõÆøÊ±£¬ÏȰѵ¼¹Ü·ÅÈë×°ÂúË®µÄ¼¯ÆøÆ¿ÖУ¬ÔÙ¿ªÊ¼¼ÓÈÈ | |
| C£® | °ÑµãȼµÄľ̿·ÅÈëȼÉÕ³×ÄÚ£¬ÓÉÉ϶øÏ»ºÂýÉìÈ뼯ÂúÑõÆøµÄ¼¯ÆøÆ¿ÖÐ | |
| D£® | Á¬½ÓÏ𽺹ܺͲ£Á§¹Üʱ£¬Ó¦ÏÈÓÃË®Èóʪ²£Á§¹ÜÒ»¶Ë£¬ÔÙÂýÂýµÄתÈëÏ𽺹ÜÖÐ |
| A£® | Ì¿ C | B£® | µª N | C£® | ÄÆ na | D£® | þ Fe |
¡¾ÊµÑ黨¹Ë¡¿Í¼1ÊÇʵÑéÊÒÓúìÁ×ȼÉÕÀ´´ÖÂԲⶨ¿ÕÆøÖÐÑõÆøº¬Á¿µÄ×°Öã®
£¨1£©Ð´³öºìÁ×ȼÉյĻ¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ4P+5O2$\frac{\underline{\;µãȼ\;}}{\;}$2P2O5£®
£¨2£©ÊµÑéÔÀí£ºÓÉÓÚºìÁ×ȼÉÕÏûºÄ¿ÕÆøÖеÄÑõÆø£¬Ê¹Æ¿ÄÚÆøÑ¹¼õС£¬ÉÕ±ÖÐË®µ¹Îüµ½¼¯ÆøÆ¿£®Èô×°ÖÃµÄÆøÃÜÐÔÁ¼ºÃ£¬²Ù×÷¹æ·¶£¬ÓÃÁ¿Í²²âÁ¿½øÈëÆ¿ÖÐË®µÄÌå»ý£¬ÄÜ´ÖÂÔ²âµÃ¿ÕÆøÖÐÑõÆøµÄº¬Á¿£®
¡¾ÎÊÌâÌá³ö¡¿ÓÐʵÑé×ÊÁϱíÃ÷£ºÈ¼ÉÕ¹ý³ÌÖе±ÑõÆøÌå»ý·ÖÊýµÍÓÚ7% ʱ£¬ºìÁ×¾ÍÎÞ·¨¼ÌÐøÈ¼ÉÕ£¬Òò´Ëͨ¹ýÉÏÊöʵÑ飬²âÖýá¹ûÓëÀíÂÛÖµÎó²î½Ï´ó£®
¡¾ÊµÑé¸Ä½ø¡¿
¢ñ£®¸ù¾ÝÌúÔÚ¿ÕÆøÖÐÉú°÷µÄÔÀíÉè¼ÆÍ¼2Ñé×°Öã¬Ôٴβⶨ¿ÕÆøÖÐÑõÆøº¬Á¿£®×°ÖÃÖб¥ºÍʳÑÎË®¡¢»îÐÔÌ¿»á¼ÓËÙÌúÉúÐ⣮
¢ò£®²âµÃʵÑéÊý¾ÝÈç±í
| ²âÁ¿ÏîÄ¿ | ʵÑéǰ | ʵÑéºó | |
| ÉÕ±ÖÐË®µÄÌå»ý | ÉÕ±ÖÐÊ£ÓàË®µÄÌå»ý | ¼¯ÆøÆ¿£¨¿Û³ýÄÚÈÝÎºÍµ¼¹ÜµÄÈÝ»ý | |
| Ìå»ý/mL | 80.0 | 54.5 | 126.0 |
£¨1£©ÌúÉúÐâ¹ý³Ì·¢Éú¸´ÔӵĻ¯Ñ§·´Ó¦£¬Ê×ÏÈÊÇÌúÓëÑõÆø¡¢Ë®·´Ó¦Éú³ÉÇâÑõ»¯ÑÇÌú[Fe£¨OH£©2]£¬Ð´³ö¸Ã·´Ó¦µÄ»¯Ñ§·½³Ìʽ2Fe+2H2O+O2=2Fe£¨OH£©2£®
£¨2£©¸ù¾ÝÉϱíÊý¾Ý¼ÆË㣬¸Ä½øÊµÑéºó²âµÃµÄ¿ÕÆøÖÐÑõÆøµÄÌå»ý·ÖÊýÊÇ20.2%£¨¼ÆËã½á¹û¾«È·µ½0.1%£©£®
£¨3£©´ÓʵÑéÔÀí½Ç¶È·ÖÎö£¬¸Ä½øºóµÄʵÑé½á¹û±ÈǰÕß׼ȷ¶È¸üó{µÄÔÒòÊÇ£º
¢ÙÌúµÄ»ºÂýÑõ»¯Ê¹¼¯ÆøÆ¿ÖеÄÑõÆøÏûºÄ¸ü³¹µ×£¬Ê¹ÊµÑé½á¹û¸ü׼ȷ£»
¢Ú²âÁ¿Ê±¿¼Âǵ½µ¼¹ÜÈÝ»ýºÍ¿Û³ýÄÚÈÝÎïºóµÄ¼¯ÆøÆ¿ÈÝ»ý£¬Ê¹ÊµÑé½á¹û¸ü׼ȷ£®