题目内容

【题目】下表是2012年两个国家的人口统计资料表。据此回答问题。

年龄结构

出生率(%)

死亡率(%)

0~14岁

15~60岁

60岁以上

甲

13.5

64.3

22.2

0.76

0.95

乙

36.7

58.1

5.2

2.81

0.44


(1)据表判断甲国可能是( )
A.印度
B.德国
C.埃及
D.菲律宾
(2)与甲、乙两国目前所出现的问题不符的是( )
A.甲国劳动力比重小
B.甲国老龄化严重
C.乙国人口增长过快
D.乙国经济欠发达

【答案】
(1)B
(2)A
【解析】(1)根据发达国家人口增长慢,发展中国家人口增长快可知,甲国的出生率小于死亡率,人口自然增长率是负增长,故甲是发达国家。所以应选B。(2)从表中数字分析,甲国的人口老龄化严重,乙国的人口增长快,经济欠发达。甲国的15~60岁的人口比重大,所以劳动力丰富。故选A。

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【题目】阅读理解
Are you sometimes a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon? Many people feel this way after lunch. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or, in summer, they may think it is the heat. However, the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time — about eight hours after you wake up — your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.
Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day. The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern. They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.
In many parts of the world, people take naps in the middle of the day. This is especially true in warmer climates, where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon. Researchers are now saying that naps are good for everyone in any climate. A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general. In countries where naps are traditional, people often suffer(遭受) less from problems such as heart disease. Many working people, unfortunately, have no time to take naps. Though doctors may advise taking naps, employers do not allow it!
If you do have the chance, however, here are a few tips about making the most of your nap. Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up. A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward. This can also happen if you sleep for too long. If you do not have enough time, try a short nap — even ten minutes of sleep can be helpful.
(1)Why do you sometimes feel sleepy in the early afternoon?
A.Because it's very hot in summer.
B.Because you eat too much for lunch.
C.Because you didn't have a good sleep last night.
D.Because your body temperature goes down at that time.
(2)What advice does the writer give on taking a nap?
A.If your time is limited, a short nap can also help.
B.Only people in warmer climate need to take a nap.
C.You'd better take a nap about an hour after you have lunch.
D.You can sleep as long as you like so that you won't feel tired or sleepy.
(3)What can we learn about "naps" according to the third paragraph?
A.Doctors need to take naps while employers don't.
B.Taking naps is helpful for people's health in spring and summer.
C.If you take naps every day, you'll have less risk of heart disease.
D.All the people in warmer climates take naps in the middle of the day.
(4)What can we infer(推断) from the passage?
A.You will feel less sleepy if you sleep for a long time.
B.Taking a nap whenever you want will do good to your health.
C.If you get up at 6:30 am, you'd better take a nap at about 2:30 pm.
D.Sleeping for eight hours and you'll feel sleepy a short period later.
(5)What would be the best title for the text?
A.Just For a Rest.
B.All For a Nap.
C.A Special Sleep Pattern.
D.Taking Naps in Warmer Climate.

【题目】阅读以下材料,完成问题:
材料1:西沙群岛、南沙群岛、中沙群岛、东沙群岛分布在我国辽阔浩瀚的南海海洋上,是中国南海诸岛的主要组成部分。其中曾母暗沙是中国领土最南端,其纬度大约是4°N。
材料2:南海诸岛自古以来就是中国的神圣领土,据考古发现,在西沙群岛的甘泉岛有一处唐宋遗址,出土了一批唐宋瓷器、铁锅残片以及其他生产、生活用品。这无可辩驳地证明。至少从唐宋时期开始,中国人民就已经在西沙群岛居住和生产,早已经是西沙群岛的主人。事实证明,中国人民是最早发现南海诸岛的,长期以来在南海诸岛的岛屿、礁滩上进行渔业捕捞,对这些岛屿、礁滩进行辛勤的开发和经营。南海诸岛及附近的近海海域海底资源十分丰富,尤其是海底石油和天然气储量巨大,中国地质学家认为,南沙群岛的曾母暗沙盆地是南海石油和天然气开发最好的地区之一。石油储藏量约200亿吨,有“第二个波斯湾”之称。同样,西沙群岛、中沙群岛及附近海域也有上千米的新生代沉淀物,这些沉淀物与中国北部湾、海南岛的新生代沉淀物有密切的联系。因此也是大有希望的海底石油和天然气产地。另外,南海诸岛及附近还蕴藏着丰富的金属矿产资源,我们相信,随着科技的进步和海洋开发的深入,南海的自然资源一定有着非常广阔的开发前景和巨大的利用价值。
材料3:最近一段时间,在中国南海海城,围绕国家海洋权益的纷争愈演愈烈。很多的媒体,包括一些专家学者,甚至众多军事爱好者,纷纷针对这一话题,发表自己的一些看法和见解。其实维护国家海洋权益,从手段和方法上来说,不是一个单一的问题。维护国家海洋权益,需要多种的手段和方法。从总体上,应该至少包括五个方面的内容。第一,要有坚定的国家决心。海上权益涉及到国家的主权和核心权益。第二,维护国家海洋权益,需要有雄厚的经济和技术基础。第三,维护国家的海洋权益,还需要在所拥有的海城上进行有效管理。第四,因为历史问题造成的相对复杂的海上权益纷争,就需要有一个灵活的外交手段。第五,除了上述几点外,维护国家海洋权益,最根本的,最后的 一道保险就是海上力量。
(1)南海诸岛自古以来就是中国的固有领土,南海诸岛有哪些群岛组成?中国领土最南端曾母暗沙的纬度大约是多少?
(2)捍卫国家主权和保护国家权益,我们应该怎么做?

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