题目内容

(2012?康县模拟)脱式计算(能简算的要简算)
①3
13
15
-2
13
14
+5
2
15
-1
1
14

②14.85-1.58×8+31.2÷1.2
③2.25×
3
5
+2.75÷1
2
3
+60%  
④9.81×0.1+0.5×98.1+0.049×981.
分析:①根据加法结合律和减法的性质简算;
②先同时运算乘法和除法,再算减法,最后算加法;
③先把除法变成乘法,再运用乘法分配律简算;
④先根据积不变规律,变成三个都含有因数9.81的乘法算式相加,再根据乘法分配律简算.
解答:解:①3
13
15
-2
13
14
+5
2
15
-1
1
14

=(3
13
15
+5
2
15
)-(1
1
14
+2
13
14
),
=9-4,
=5;

②14.85-1.58×8+31.2÷1.2,
=14.85-12.64+26,
=2.21+26,
=28.21;

③2.25×
3
5
+2.75÷1
2
3
+60%,
=2.25×0.6+2.75×0.6+0.6×1,
=(2.25+2.75+1)×0.6,
=6×0.6,
=3.6;

④9.81×0.1+0.5×98.1+0.049×981,
=9.81×0.1+5×9.81+4.9×9.81,
=9.81×(0.1+5+4.9),
=9.81×10,
=98.1.
点评:此题是考查四则混合运算,要仔细观察算式的特点,灵活运用一些定律进行简便计算.
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