题目内容

5.计算(①②③用简便方法计算)
①8$\frac{2}{5}$-2$\frac{16}{25}$-3.36                    ②($\frac{1}{4}$+$\frac{1}{8}$-$\frac{1}{12}$)×12③23.9×3.9+8.61×39-39          
④10.6-(6.6+0.18÷18.5%)⑤($\frac{1}{8}$-$\frac{1}{4}$÷4×$\frac{1}{4}$)÷$\frac{1}{2}$⑥[$\frac{13}{12}$-($\frac{1}{8}$+$\frac{1}{12}$)]×8

分析 ①根据减法的性质简算;
②根据乘法的分配律简算;
③先根据积不变规律把23.9×3.9变为2.39×39,然后根据乘法的分配律简算;
④先算括号里面的除法,再根据减法的性质简算;
⑤先算括号里面的除法和乘法,再算减法,再算括号外面的除法;
⑥先算小括号里面的加法,再算中括号里减法,再算括号外面的乘法.

解答 解:①8$\frac{2}{5}$-2$\frac{16}{25}$-3.36 
=8$\frac{2}{5}$-2$\frac{16}{25}$-3$\frac{9}{25}$
=8$\frac{2}{5}$-(2$\frac{16}{25}$+3$\frac{9}{25}$)
=8$\frac{2}{5}$-6
=2$\frac{2}{5}$

②($\frac{1}{4}$+$\frac{1}{8}$-$\frac{1}{12}$)×12
=$\frac{1}{4}$×12+$\frac{1}{8}$×12-$\frac{1}{12}$×12
=3+1.5-1
=3.5

③23.9×3.9+8.61×39-39          
=2.39×39+8.61×39-39
=(2.39+8.61-1)×39
=10×39
=390

④10.6-(6.6+0.18÷18%)
=10.6-(6.6+0.18÷0.18)
=10.6-(6.6+1)
=10.6-6.6-1
=4-1
=3

⑤($\frac{1}{8}$-$\frac{1}{4}$÷4×$\frac{1}{4}$)÷$\frac{1}{2}$
=($\frac{1}{8}$-$\frac{1}{4}$×$\frac{1}{4}$×$\frac{1}{4}$)÷$\frac{1}{2}$
=($\frac{1}{8}$-$\frac{1}{64}$)÷$\frac{1}{2}$
=$\frac{7}{64}$×$\frac{2}{1}$
=$\frac{7}{32}$

⑥[$\frac{13}{12}$-($\frac{1}{8}$+$\frac{1}{12}$)]×8
=[$\frac{13}{12}$-$\frac{5}{24}$]×8
=$\frac{21}{24}$×8
=7

点评 计算四则混合运算时,要按照运算顺序,先算乘除,后算加减,有括号的先算括号里面的,再算括号外面的,如果既含有小括号又含有中括号,要先算小括号里面的,再算中括号里面的.能简算的要简算.

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