5、How to beat nerves

Do you blank out, freeze up (呆住) or feel so nervous in exams that you have trouble writing answers to questions that you knew just last night?

If so, you likely have a case of test anxiety.

But, don’t panic. By recognizing the problem, you are taking the first step towards overcoming it.

Believe it or not, a touch of nervousness can sharpen your mind, allowing you to perform more quickly. This is because under stress, the body releases the hormone adrenaline (肾上腺素), which prepares it for something important that will happen. However, too much anxiety can result in sleeplessness, loss of appetite before tests, and poor performance. Some people might feel shaky(weak), hot, or even sick.

If you worry a lot or are a perfectionist, you are more likely to have trouble with test anxiety. Those who have prepared poorly for a test or have had negative experiences taking tests may also experience test anxiety.

When you feel a storm of anxiety coming on, stop what you're doing and make your mind a blank. If possible, actually tell yourself to ‘STOP!’ This will get your mind off the stress. Then think of being at a place of comfort and let your body relax. As you continue the test, find questions you know the answers to and answer them first. This will help restore your confidence.

Talk to yourself using positive language. Make it a habit to replace each negative thought with a logical reason. For example: “I've studied hard and I know the material, so I’m ready to do the best I can.” Another thing you can do is to learn to accept mistakes. In fact, they can be valuable learning opportunities.

Last but not least, start test preparation early three to five days ahead of the quiz or test. After all, good study habits and skills. for example, time management and note-taking will give you the feeling that you are in control.

1.The main purpose of the passage is to         .

       A.tell you that worrying is no good

       B.show the ways to overcome test anxiety

       C.describe the effects caused by exams

       D.suggest making full preparations for exams

2.From the passage, we know that when you experience test anxiety, you        .

       A.are no longer sure of yourself and cannot think clearly

       B.develop negative thoughts about yourself in everyday life

       C.feel so nervous that you can’t sleep before the test

       D.feel anxious in the exam and always fail in exams

3.The phrase “last but not least” at the last paragraph means       .

       A.the last but actually there are more        

B.the last in order and importance

       C.the last but as important as others         

D.the last but the most important

4.From the passage, we can infer that        .

       A.you should not place too high expectations on yourself

       B.low scores in exams are only a result of test anxiety

       C.you need to get yourself completely under control

    D.test anxiety forms good study habits

4、Read the following advertisements and then choose the correct answers.

(China Daily, March 3, 1996) the biggest shopping center will open on March 8.Every body with today's China Daily will get a small present that day. You are welcome.

Telephone: 38990688; address: No. 6 Xidan Road ……

 

(ENGLISH NEWSPAPER, March 19) English Newspaper needs a foreign editor. He (She ) must have worked in China for more than 2 years. British nationality is necessary. The salary is $ 100,000 a year. The term is 3 years. In ten days this piece of  advertisement will not be useful.

Telephone: 3890666; addresses: No. 6 Xinling Road …

 

(CHINA FOOTBALL, February 3, 1996)

Shanghai Shenhua Team Vs Beijing Guo'an Team

TIME: February 8.Sunday (3:00)   PLACE: Hongkou Stadium

TICKET PRICE; RMB 25 yuan (for adults ) RMB 15 yuan (for students)

NAME: China Cup Football Contest

COACHES: Xu Genbao, Jin Zhiyang …

1.If an Englishman who has worked in China for 3 years comes to English Newspaper office to ask for the job in April, he will _____.

A.get the job                                        B.not get the job         

C.be a good editor                                 D.not be useful

2.If three adults and six students went to watch the match, the tickets would cost them _____ yuan.

A.165                     B.135                     C.196                     D.255

3.Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A.The shopping center is at NO. 6 Xidan road.

B.The telephone number of English Newspaper is 3890666.

C.The match was between Beijing Team and Guo'an Team.

D.Xu Genbao is a coach.

3、As if there weren’t enough of them in the world already, scientists have succeeded in cloning flies. The alike fruit flies are the first insects ever cloned, says the Canadian team that created them. The question everyone asks is why anyone would want to clone flies in the first place. She hopes that the insects , which are very easy to experiment with , will help to adjust the cloning process in other animals and even in humans, where the technique is being researched to aid production of therapeutic (治疗的) stem cells.

In cloning, the DNA-containing nucleus of an adult cell is injected into an egg whose own nucleus(细胞核) has been removed. At the moment, the majority of cloned mice, sheep and other animals die before birth. It is thought this is because the adult DNA is not properly ‘reprogrammed’.

Using flies, researchers might discover genes that are important for this reprogramming, and that have matches in other animals. That is because it is relatively easy in flies to knock out the function of a single gene and then attempt cloning with these cells, which will test whether that gene is important. If such genes are confirmed, then in theory cloned mammalian embryos(晶胚) might be grown in selected solutions that change the activity of those genes to improve the technique’s success rate. Although some groups have attempted to clone insects before, Lloyd says this is the first time it has been successful. The team used a slight difference on the standard cloning process: they transferred nuclei taken from embryos rather than fully-grown adult cells. They sucked several nuclei (pl)out of developing fly embryos, and injected them into a fertilized(已受精的) fly egg. From over 800 early attempts, they cloned five adult insects, the group reports in the journal Genetics.

1.The best title of this passage probably is _______.

A.The importance of clone

B.First insects are cloned

C.The disagreement in clone

D.The advantages of clone

2.The scientists cloned flies because________.

     A.there are fewer and fewer flies in the world 

  B.flies are easy to find and cheap to use

     C.they can gain some experience before cloning other animals

     D.it is safe to cline flies

3.The failure of most cloned animals is due to _______.

     A.the difference of other animals’ genes

     B.the improper technique of clone

     C.the complex of other animals

     D.the improper rearrange of the adult gene

4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ______.

     A.the clone of insects before used grown-up cells

   B.the clone of insects were never experimented before  

  C.this time scientists cloned flies successfully and easily

     D.based on this success, other animals will be cloned in large quantities.

2、Weight loss is a hard topic. Lots of people aren’t satisfied with their present weight, but most people aren’t sure how to change it. You may want to look like the models or actors in magazines or on TV, but those goals might not be healthy or realistic(现实的) for you .__1__

So what should you do about your weight control?

2  The best way to find out if you are at a healthy weight or if you need to lose or gain weight is to talk to a doctor or dietitian(营养学家).__3____If it turns out that you can benefit from weight loss then you can follow a few of the simple suggestions listed below to get started.

__4___People who lose weight quickly by crash dieting or other extreme measures usually gain back all of the pounds they lost, because they haven’t permanently(永久地) changed their habits. Therefore, the best weight management ways are those that you can maintain for a lifetime.

Small changes are a lot easier to stick with(坚持做) than large ones. Try reducing the size of what you eat.__5___ Once you have that down, start gradually introducing healthier foods and exercise into your life.

It’s a good idea to maintain a healthy weight because it’s just that: healthy.

A.Try giving up regular soda for a week.

B.Try to pay attention as you eat and stop when you’re full.

C.Weight management is about long-term success.

D.Besides, no magical diet will make you look like someone else.

E.Being healthy is really about being at a weight that is right for you.

F.Changing from whole to nonfat or low-fat milk is also a good idea.

G.They will compare your weight with healthy standards and help you set goals.

38、Alfred Korzybski believes that all human beings lead a kind of double life. First, people live in an internal (内在的) world of ideas, feelings, etc. The happenings in this world are patterns of events in the human nervous system . Secondly , people live in a world outside their skins, the external(外在的)world of “reality”. The happenings in this world are patterns of events best known to science.

The first world, the patterns of events inside our skins, Korzybski called the INTEN- SIONAL areA.The second, the patterns of events outside our skins, he called the EXTEN- SIONAL area . Think for a moment about the two worlds in which you live. Look , for example, at the following diagram:

INTENSIONAL PATTERNS           EXTENSIONAL PATTERNS

“cat”                             An object we call “cat”.

The word "cat ".                        A pattern of physical and

The image of this cat.                    chemical events best

Ideas about cats.                        known to science.

Feelings about cats.

Physical tensions aroused

by the cat: the urge to

pick it up, to kick it, etc.

Thinking along these lines , Alfred Korzybski began to see what was wrong with the great number of people: they confused intensional events with extensional “reality”. He believed that too many people mistake the events in their own nervous systems for events in the outside world . When they get lost in a strange city , more often than not they are angry at the map they use. In fact, it’s the maps of words in their heads that are to blame.

1.According to Alfred Korzybski, we human beings live in__________.

    A.the world of ideas

    B.the world of reality

    C.either the world of ideas or that of reality

    D.both the world of ideas and that of reality

2.The INTENSIONAL area in the passage refers to the patterns of events__________.

       A.outside our skins                                  B.best known to science

       C.in the human nervous system          D.in the external world of reality

3.Which of the following belongs to EXTENSIONAL pattern?

       A.A computer on the shelf.               B.A computer is useful.

C.I like the computer.                    D.I want to buy the computer.

4.According to what Alfred Korzybski states in the last paragraph, you get lost because of _  .   

    A.the map you bring with you             B.the maps of words in your head

       C.the reality world before you                  D.the strange city you visit

 

 

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