6.it的用法:

①.it指前面己经提到的人或事物

②.模糊it: it指时间, 季节, 气候, 距离, 情况等

　　　　 a. It is time for the meeting.

　　　　 b. It is Saturday today.

　　　　 c. It is fine today.

　　　　 d. It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this city.

　　　　 e. It is five kilometer from home to the school.

　　　　 f. It is well with you ? 你身体好吗?

③.it作形式主语: it作形式主语时, 真正的主语可以是动词不定式, 动名词或由that引导的主语从句.当句中的这些真正主语用词较多时, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正的主语移到后面

　 　　　a. It is a good habit to do morning exercise.

　 　　　b. It is no use learning without thinking.

　 　　　c. It is pity that you didn’t see such a good film.

　　 ④.it作形式宾语: it作形式宾语时, 真正的宾语可以是不定式, 动名词或that引导的宾语从句. 当宾语之后有宾补, 而作宾语的不定式或宾语从句用词较多时, 常用it作形式宾语, 而把真正的宾语移到后面

　 　　　a. I find it easy to learn English well if in the right way.

　 　　　b. I consider it wrong that you stand too close to an Englishman.

　 　　　c. They want to make it clear that they are doing an important and necessary job.

　　 ⑤.it用于强调句型: It + is / was + 被强调的部分 + that / who + 其他

　 　　　a. Professor Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon.(一般陈述句)

　 　　　b. It is Professor Wang that / who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.(强调句)

　　　　 c. It is us that / who Professor Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon.(强调句)

d. It is English that Professor Wang teaches us every Monday afternoon.(强调句)

　　　　 e. It is every Monday afternoon that Professor teaches us English.(强调句)

不定代词

5.the same的用法: the same =同样(的), 可以作定语, 表语, 主语和宾语

　　　 　　a. They left for Beijing on the same day.

　　　 　　b. He will go to swim and I’ll do the same.

　　　 　　c. Whether he will come or not, it is all the same to me.

4.such的用法

　 　①.such代替或修饰可数与不可数名词都可

　　　 　　a. He is such a man.

　　　 　　b. I don’t like such words.

　　　 　　c. Such is our plan.

　 　②.such应位于no, one, another, some, many, all等词之后

　　　 　　a. One such grammar book is enough.

　 　③.such + a(n) + adj. + n结构等同于so + adj. + a(n) + n, 如:

　　　 　　a. It is such a good chance. =It is so good a chance.

　 　④.如果名词为[U], 则只能用such而不能用so, 如:

　　　 　　a. He has made such great progress.

　　　 　　b. It was such good weather.

　 　⑤.如果名词被many / much / little / few四个词修饰, 则要用so而不用such, 如:

　　　 　　a. He has made so much progress.

3.that / those还可用来代替上文出现过的名词.作此用法时, 它们的用法及与one / ones的对比见下表

　　　 　　a. The weather in Beijing is not so hot as that ( = the weather ) in Shanghai.

　　　 　　b. The population of China is a quarter of that ( = the population ) of the world.

　　　 　　c. The students in class one work harder than those ( = the students ) in class two.

　　　 　d. The question is an easy one.

　　　 　e. Which pencils do you want ? The red ones.

　　　 　f. He has a new coat and several old ones.

　　　 　g. I have lost my pen. I am going to buy one.

2.this / these常指后面要提到的事物, 有启下的作用; 而that / those常指前面讲到过的事物, 有承上的作用

　　　 　　a. What I want to tell you is this: The meeting is put off until Friday.

　　　 　　b. He had a bad cold. That is why he didn’t attend the meeting.

1.this / these常指时间, 空间或心理上较近的人或物, that / those常指时间, 空间或心理上较远的人或物

2.在句中作名词或代词的同位语, 以加强名词或代词的语气, 一般表示 “亲自” “本人”

　　　 　　a. I myself did the work.

　　　 　　b. You had better ask Tom himself.

指示代词

1.作宾语:

　　　 　　a. He taught himself English.

　　　 　　b. He is old enough to look after himself.

4.物主代词用法应注意的问题:

　　 ①.动名词的逻辑主语如果位于句首, 则多用物主代词, 如:

　　　 　　a. His coming late made everyone angry.

　 　②.在介词后, 表示身体某部位或身上某位置的名词前, 用the而不用物主代词, 如:

　　　 　　a. I’ve hurt him in the finger.

　　　 　　b. He hit me on the back.

c. He caught me by the hair.

　　　 　　d. The man pulled me by the sleeve.揪住了我的衣袖.

反身代词

3. “of +名词性物主代词”可构成双重所有格, 如:

　　　 　　a. Wang Ling is a friend of mine.

b. This baby of hers is so lovely.