例1(2008兰州)一座拱桥的轮廓是抛物线型(如图1所示),拱高6m,跨度20m,相邻两支柱间的距离均为5m.

(1)将抛物线放在所给的直角坐标系中(如图2所示),求抛物线的解析式;

(2)求支柱的长度;

(3)拱桥下地平面是双向行车道(正中间是一条宽2m的隔离带),其中的一条行车道能否并排行驶宽2m、高3m的三辆汽车(汽车间的间隔忽略不计)?请说明你的理由.(共10分)

 

解:(1)根据题目条件,的坐标分别是.······························ 1分

设抛物线的解析式为y=ax2+bx+c,············································································· 2分

的坐标代入y=ax2+bx+c,得  100a-10b+c=0

                  100a+10b+c=0

c=6··············· 3分

解得a=-,b=0,c=6.··············································· 4分

所以抛物线的表达式是.····················· 5分

(2)可设,于是

························································································· 6分

从而支柱EF的长度是米.··································································· 7分

 

(3)设是隔离带的宽,是三辆车的宽度和,

点坐标是.······························································································· 8分

点作垂直交抛物线于,则.················ 9分

根据抛物线的特点,可知一条行车道能并排行驶这样的三辆汽车.····························· 10分

例2、(2008内江)如图4,小明的父亲在相距2米的两棵树间拴了一根绳子,给他做了一个简易的秋千,拴绳子的地方距地面高都是2.5米,绳子自然下垂呈抛物线状,身高1米的小明距较近的那棵树0.5米时,头部刚好接触到绳子,则绳子的最低点距地面的距离为      米.

B
 
A
 
分析:如果把左边的树子看成纵轴,地平线看成横轴,则

    A (0, 2.5), B (2, 2.5), C (0.5, 1)

C
 
    可设函数解析式为y=ax2+bx+c,把ABC三点分别代入这个

    解析式可得一个方程组  c=2.5

               4a+2b+c=2.5

0.25a+0.5b+c=1 

解之得:a=2, b=-4, c=2.5

所以y= 2x2-4x+2.5

x=1时, y=2-4+2.5=0.5

 0  445437  445445  445451  445455  445461  445463  445467  445473  445475  445481  445487  445491  445493  445497  445503  445505  445511  445515  445517  445521  445523  445527  445529  445531  445532  445533  445535  445536  445537  445539  445541  445545  445547  445551  445553  445557  445563  445565  445571  445575  445577  445581  445587  445593  445595  445601  445605  445607  445613  445617  445623  445631  447090 

违法和不良信息举报电话:027-86699610 举报邮箱:58377363@163.com

精英家教网