4. appreciate +n/doing 　　 appreciate +it+ that-clause(真宾)

3. as+adj/adv(原级)+as possible=as…as one can: 尽可能…

2. can never…too… 　　 can not…too…　 无论怎样…也不过分，越…越好

1. in other words=in another word：换句话说 in a word=in one word：总而言之 have a word with=have a few words with：和…说几句话 have words with：与…争论

例1：Reading is a way of learning English without classes or a teacher. It helps develop learners’ independence. And while reading graded readers, learners don’t have to run a____ because the language is at their level. A. dictionary B. teacher　 C. student　 D. recorder [分析]because在此引导一个原因状语从句，因为读物中使用的语言符合读者的语言水平，读者当然不必求助于词典。

例2：All of a sudden I started to feel rather__1__. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of__2___. I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without experience. 1. A. encouraged　 B. dissatisfied C. hopeless　 D. pleased 2. A. place　　 B. job　 C. advice　 D. help [分析]文章讲到作者去应聘工作，既没有经验又信心，心里感到十分不踏实。从下文中的“I felt even more hopeless”可知第1题填“hopeless”，暗示作者那种无望的心情。而“it would be difficult to get a job without experience”则呼应了第2题，故选job。

例3：Years ago in Scotland, the Clark family had a dream. Clark and his wife worked and____, making plans for their nine children and themselves to travel to 2(America) . It had taken years, but they had　 3(finally) saved enough money and had gotten passports and reservations for the whole family on a new liner t the United States. A. spent　 B. counted　 C. saved　 D. played [分析]分析上面一段文字可知Clark夫妇存钱的目的是让一家人出去旅游。根据文中“but they had 3(finally) saved enough money”可知第1题答案为C项。

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3. 虚拟语气应用于如下结构中： (1)一种定语从句：It’s time that+did (2)两种目的状语从句： so that/in order that+ can/may/could/might +do

(3)三种随时变化句： ①　　 wish　　　　 现在→did/were 　　　 if only　 + 过去→had done as if/though　　　 将来→could/would do ② would rather + 现在/将来→did/were 　　　　　　　　 过去→had done ③ 现在：if+did/were, would+ do 　 过去：if+had done, would+ have done 　 将来：did 　　　　　 if+ were to do, would+ do 　　　　　 should do 注意：除了由if引导的虚拟条件句外，还有倒装条件句，即把were、had或should提前；混合时间句，虚实错综句，以及含蓄条件句，即由or, otherwise, with, without, but for来引导的。

(4)四种名词性从句： ①当表语是important, natural, necessary, possible, strange, arranged, decided, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, surprising, a pity, no woder时，主语从句要用虚拟语气。例： It’s important that we (should) help each other. ②动词一坚持(insist)，两命令(command, order)，三建议(advise, propose, suggest)，四要求(ask, demand, request, require)后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。例： He insisted that he (should) be sent to the West. 注：insist(坚持说), suggest(暗示，表明)时，从句应用陈述语气。如： Her pale face suggested that she was ill. ③idea, plan以及表示“坚持，命令，建议，要求”等动词的同源名词作主语时，表语从句用虚拟语气。例： My suggestion is that we (should) hold a class meeting. ④idea, plan以及表示“坚持，命令，建议，要求”等动词的同源名词后的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。例： The office gave an order that his soldiers fight back bravely.

2. 几个情态动词的辨析与特殊用法： (1)can/could用于肯定句中表“可以”，或“能够”(强调与生俱来的能力)；be able to强调过去设法完成的某一具体的动作。 (2)used to表示过去常常干某事，暗示“现在不干了”，以及表示过去一直存在的状态；would表示过去常常干某事，但不涉及现在的情况，还可以表示过去一直烦人的事情。 (3)need/dare作为实义动词时，应用need/dare to do; 作为情态动词时，一般不用于肯定句中。 (4)shall用于第一、三人称，表示征询对方意见或请求；用于第二、三人称时，表示命令、强制、允诺或威胁。 (5)will可以表示意愿或必然趋势。 If he won’t help us, all our plans will be ruined. The window won’t open.

10. come to terms with：达成协议，妥协 　 take possessions of：获得，占有 　 in/with relation to：与…有关联，关于 　 in memory of sb：为了纪念某人 　 match…with…：把…和…搭配起来

9. population：对此进行提问时，要使用what，人口的“多，少”使用large, small；表示“有多少人”时用“has a population of…”。 population：用作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由其后面的表语来决定。 ----What’s the population of China? ----China has a population of 1.3 billion. The population of New Zealand is small. 　 The population of developing countries are mostly peasants.

8. praise sb/sth 　 praise sb for (doing) sth：因…赞扬… 　 praise sb as…：称赞…是… 　 sing high praise for：称赞… 　 in praise of：赞美