Using a Mobile Phone to Improve Mother and Child Health

People around the world are working to expand the uses for mobile technology in health care.

In the world, there are six billion mobile phone users in a population of seven billion people.

   1.     Africa has widespread adoption. Three or four years ago the penetration rates were 20 percent or 30 percent, and now they’re getting upwards of 60 percent in some countries.

    2.     Earlier research has been to look at mobile technologies and HIV and AIDS. And so we have some great evidence on the effectiveness of mobiles.

During the first week of December, 2012, more than 4,000 people from 50 countries met for the fourth annual mHealth Summit. It brought together experts from what the organizers call the mHealth ecosystem.

In 2011 Secretary of State Hillary Clinton started a public/private partnership called the Mobile Alliance for Maternal Action, or MAMA. There are about 800 women a day and about three million babies a year die from pregnancy and childbirth-related causes.      3.     The messages cover pregnancy and the first year of a baby’s life. These health messages may also be sent to a pregnant woman’s husband and mother-in-law.    4.    

Messages can be text or voicemail. You can have a pregnant woman in Bangladesh registered into a system that provides messages that help her know what to do and when to do certain things.

Simple text messages can be important sources of information to people without Internet

access.      5.     They have to be able to read through thousands of entries that come back to them on Google, for example, and then figure out what that information means to them. And that’s not something that someone in a poor and uneducated kind of situation can do.  

A．They have no access to the relevant information.

B．That way they too can understand what needs to be done.

C．Millions of messages about baby care are received every day.

D．A lot of work has been done to use mobile technology for health.

E. And the most rapidly growing markets are those in developing countries.

F. The program sends messages to women to educate them about their health.

G. Besides, online users may sometimes not understand all the information available.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Several years ago, while attending a communication course, I experienced a most unusual process．The instructor asked us to list __16__ in our past that we felt __17__ of, regretted, or incomplete about and read our lists aloud．
This seemed like a very __18__ process, but there' s always some __19__soul in the crowd who will volunteer．The instructor then __20__ that we find ways to __21__ people, or take some action to right any wrong doings．I was seriously wondering how this could ever __22__ my communication．
Then the man next to me raised his hand and volunteered this story: “Making my __23__, I remembered an incident from high school．1 grew up in a small town．There was a Sheriff __24__ of us kids liked．One night, my two buddies and 1 decided to play a __25__ on him．
After drinking a few beers, we climbed the tall water tank in the middle of the town, and wrote on the tank in bright red paint: Sheriff Brown is a s．o．b．（畜生）．The next day, almost the whole town saw our glorious __26__．Within two hours, Sheriff Brown had us in his office．My friends told the truth but I lied．No one __27__ found out．"
Nearly 20 years later．Sheriff Brown's name __28__ on my list．I didn't even know if he was still   29__．Last weekend, I dialed the information in my hometown and found there was a Roger Brown still listed．I tried his number．After a few __30__, 1 heard, "Hello?" I said, "Sheriff BroW?" Paused．"Yes．" "Well, this is Jimmy Calkins．"
"And I want you to know that I did it? "Paused．"I knew it!" he yelled back．We had a good laugh and a __31__ discussion．His closing words were: "Jimmy, I always felt bad for you __32__ your buddies got it off their chest, but you were carrying it __33__ all these years．I want to thank you for calling me for your sake．"
Jimmy inspired me to __34__ all the items on my list within two years, and I always remember what I learned from the course: It's never too late to __35  the past wrongdoings．
16．A．something      B．anything         C．somebody        D．anybody
17．A．ashamed       B．afraid          C．sure             D．proud
18．A．private         B．secret          C．interesting        D．funny
19．A．foolish         B．polite          C．simple           D．brave
20．A．expected       B．suggested       C．ordered          D．demanded
21．A．connect with    B．depend on       C．apologize to        D．get along with
22．A．improve        B．continue        C．realize           D．keep
23．A．notes          B．list            C．plan             D．stories
24．A．any           B．most           C．none            D．all
25．A．part           B．game           C．trick             D．record
26．A．view          B．sign           C．attention          D．remark
27．A．also           B．even           C．still             D．ever
28．A．appears'         B．considers        C．presents          D．remembers
29．A．angry          B．happy          C．doubtful         D．alive
30．A．words          B．rings          C．repeats           D．calls
31．A．cold                                          B．plain          C．nervous          D．lively[来源:Z*xx*k.Com]
32．A．in case                                        B．so long as      C．unless            D．because
33．A．around         B．out            C．on              D．away
34．A．build up        B．make up        C．clear up          D．give up
35．A．regret          B．forgive         C．right              D．punish

It can’t be truer that when in Rome do as the Romans do. So it’s necessary for you to know what you can talk with the local people in France, Australia and Switzerland, and different customs of these countries.

In France

You’ll find that conversations often turn into heated debates. Give opinions only on subjects that you are knowledgeable about. There is rarely a moment of silence, except when the topic under discussion has been exhausted, and nothing new has been introduced.

Food, art, music and current events or history are welcome topics. French believe in freedom, and you can criticize anyone, but not Napoleon, who is a symbol of French spirit and never use the standard. U.S. conversation opener “What do you do”.

In Australia

Australians tend to be enthusiastic debaters. A wide range of topics may be open to discussion, including religion and politics. The best policy, however, is to wait for Australian companions to bring up these two subjects; be prepared to hear their arguments.

Sport is a common topic of conversation in Australia and Australians tend to use sporting comparisons. Australians like to criticize themselves, but they can’t stand criticism from others. Don’t talk big；instead Australians prefer to judge your competence and abilities through your actions. People who show off their education in conversation may be subject to teasing.

In Switzerland

The Swiss may seem cold. Once you get close to them, however, you’ll find that they are honest, responsible people, who will be loyal to your interests.

They are good listeners and will remember practically everything you say to them. Sometimes they will even go so far as to take notes while you speak. The Swiss are a very private people, so you should avoid asking personal questions. They can be rather serious, so it is advisable to avoid making jokes on them.

1.Which of the following statements is TURE according to the passage?

A．There is no moment of silence when you talk with French.

B．French don’t like others asking their careers.

C．The Swiss may seem cold but humorous sometimes.

D．Australians tend to judge you by your words.

2.It is suggested during talking that ______

A．you should tell the Australians what education you have received.

B．you should not use too much sporting comparisons with Australians.

C．you should not ask personal questions from people of the three countries.

D．you should have the Australians bring up subjects first.

3.We can infer from the passage that ______

A．Australians don’t like to show off their success before others.

B．Australians like to criticize themselves and others.

C．you can talk with French about anything even if you know little.

D．you can criticize anyone in France because you have the right.

4.What is the best title of the passage?

A．Talking in western countries

B．How to argue with foreigners

C．Things that can’t be talked with foreigners

D．How to adapt to the life in western countries

5.What will the author talk about in the following paragraphs?

A．How to talk efficiently with foreigners.

B．Customs of the three countries.

C．How to choose topics in the western countries.

D．How to be a good listener.

Tayka Hotel De Sal
Where: Tahua, Bolivia
How much: About $95 a night
Why it’s cool: You’ve stayed at hotels made of brick or wood, but salt? That’s something few can claim．Tayka Hotel de Sal is made totally of salt—including the beds (though you’ll sleep on regular mattresses (床垫) and blankets)．The hotel sits on the Salar de Uyuni, a prehistoric dried-up lake that’s the world’s biggest salt flat．Builders use the salt from the 4,633-square-mile flat to make the bricks, and glue them together with a paste of wet salt that hardens when it dries．When rain starts to dissolve the hotel, the owners just mix up more salt paste to strengthen the bricks.
Green Magic Nature Resort
Where: Vythiri, India
How much: About $240 a night
Why it’s cool: Ridding a pulley(滑轮)-operated lift 86 feet to your treetop room is just the start of your adventure．As you look out of your open window—there is no glass!—you watch monkeys and birds in the rain forest canopy．Later you might test your fear of heights by crossing the handmade rope bridge to the main part of the hotel, or just sit on your bamboo bed and read．You don’t even have to come down for breakfast—the hotel will send it up on the pulley-drawn “elevator”.
Dog Bark Park Inn B&B
Where: Cottonwood, Idaho
How much: $92 a night
Why it’s cool: This doghouse isn’t just for the family pet．Sweet Willyis a 30-foot-tall dog with guest rooms in his belly．Climb the wooden stairs beside his hind leg to enter the door in his side．You can relax in the main bedroom, go up a ffew steps of the loft(阁楼）in Willy’s head, or hang out inside his nose．Although you have a full private bathroom in your quarters, there is also a toilet in the 12-foot-tall fire hydrant (消防栓）outside.
Gamirasu Cave Hotel
Where: Ayvali, Turkey
How much: Between $130 and $475 a night.
Why it’s cool: This is caveman cool! Experience what it was like 5,000 years ago, when people lived in these mountain caves formed by volcanic ash．But your stay will be much more modern．Bathrooms and electricity provide what you expect from a modern hotel, and the white volcanic ash, called tufa, keeps the rooms cool, about 65℉in summer．(Don’t worry—there is heat in winter.)
【小题1】What do we know about Tayka Hotel de Sal?

The Ivy League is an athletic conference comprising eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The term is most commonly used to refer to those eight schools considered as a group. The term is also connected with academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism(精英主义).

The term became official, especially in sports terminology, after the formation of the NCAA Division I athletic conference in 1954, when much of the nation polarized around favorite college teams. “IV” was used because originally the league consisted only of four members. The use of the phrase is no longer limited to athletics, and now represents an educational philosophy inherent to ( 固有的，内在的)the nation's oldest schools. In addition, Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious （著名的）universities worldwide and are often ranked amongst the best universities in the United States and worldwide. The eight institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University.

All of the Ivy League's institutions place near the top in the U.S. News & World Reportcollege and university rankings and rank within the top one percent of the world's academic institutions in terms of financial endowment(捐助). Seven of the eight schools were founded during America's colonial period; the exception is Cornell, which was founded in 1865. Ivy League institutions, therefore, account for seven of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution. The Ivies are all in the Northeast geographic region of the United States. All eight schools receive millions of dollars in research grants and other subsidies from federal and state government.

Undergraduate enrollments among the Ivy League schools range from about 4,000 to 14,000, making them larger than those of a typical private liberal arts college and smaller than a typical public state university. Ivy League university financial endowments range from Brown's $2.01 billion to Harvard's $26 billion, the largest financial endowment of any academic institution in the world.

1.Which meaning can the term “the Ivy League” convey today?

A．The largest enrollment.                   B．The strongest government support.

C．The most expensive schools.               D．First-class education.

2.From the passage, we know the word “Ivy” in “the Ivy League” was first chosen to refer to _______.

A．a plant            B．a number          C．a sport            D．a spirit

3.Which of the following statements is true?

A．There is no longer sports competition in the Ivy League.

B．Seven colleges were set up before the USA was founded.

C．Brown University has the smallest number of students.

D．Typical public state universities are larger than the Ivies.

4.What is special about Cornell University in the League?

A．It is the oldest one.                      B．It was founded by colonists.

C．It has the smallest endowment.             D．It is the youngest one.

5.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A．The ABC of “The Ivy League”

B．Best Universities in the USA

C．The Financial Income of American Universities

D．How to Apply to an Ivy League University