70．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．How ants are turned into zombies.
B．The discovery of four new species
of fungi that turns into zombies.
C．The discovery of four distinct
species highlights the level of biodiversity in the Amazon.
D．How fungus develop and kill
zombies.
Part IV Writing (45 marks)
Section A (10 marks)
Directions:
Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the
information from the passage.
Write
NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
While
the debate over school uniforms is complicated, the pros of wearing school
uniforms are obvious.
Most
teachers and school officials feel that school uniforms make a better student.
They believe that the uniforms reduce distractions(分心) and discipline problems. Some
students have turned school into an unending fashion show. This distracts from
learning as some kids spend more time focused on their clothes than on
homework. Some say that a child in a school uniform is more likely to take
school seriously. Putting on the school uniform signals he or she is going to
school just like dad dresses up to go to work. Schools report that when
students dress in “work clothes” rather than “play clothes” they take a more
serious approach to their studies. Some teachers feel wearing a school uniform
helps build school spirit. Schools report an increase in school pride after
introducing a uniform policy.
To
many parents, uniforms are a less-expensive alternative to shopping at
specialty and department stores. They are becoming far less expensive than many
other clothes. They argue that school uniforms are economical, especially
compared to designer clothing. Therefore, in these parents’ eye, students don’t
have to worry about whether what they wear looks good or not when they are
dressed uniformly. They suggest that if students wore uniforms, their
self-image would be based on academic achievement instead of on a wardrobe.
They also say school uniforms last longer because they are made for repeated
wash and wear. What’s more, school uniforms decrease fighting and violence that
arises out of arguments over fashionable clothes. Children invariably tease
those who do not have trendy clothes. Those who can’t afford name brand clothes
are often sensitive about their clothing. Schools struggling with gang(一帮) problems report that school
uniforms help ease tensions.
The
school uniform actually becomes a means of control by the school to fulfill its
functions.
Section B (10 marks)
Directions:
Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information
given in the passage.
Many
people are nervous before they take a test. But some people are so consumed by
anxiety that they actually defeat themselves, performing poorly on the exam
even when they know the material they are being tested on. Recently some
researchers say they’ve developed a way to help people with extreme test-taking
anxiety to relax before their exams. The technique involves having test-takers
write down their fears, and that simple exercise results in a dramatic
improvement in test scores.
Why
students become so nervous that they are unable to perform in a test-taking
situation? Before a test, they start worrying about the consequences. They
might even start worrying about whether the exam is going to prevent them from
getting into the college they want. And when people worry, it actually uses up
attention and memory resources that could otherwise be used to focus on the
exam.
In
a series of laboratory experiments, a group of 20 anxious college students was
given a short math test and told to do their best. Afterwards, the students
were either asked to sit quietly before taking the test again or to write about
their thoughts and fears regarding the upcoming re-test. Researchers created a
stressful testing environment, telling the students they would receive money if
they did well on the second test. The group of students who sat quietly before
retaking the second math test scored worse, their accuracy dropping by 12
percent on the second test. But students who wrote about their fears
immediately before the re-test showed an average five percent improvement in
accuracy on the second math test.
What
the researchers showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, who’d
done the writing intervention(干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety
and performance. These students who most tended to worry were performing just
as well as their classmates who don’t normally get nervous in these testing
situations.
It
is suggested that even if a professor doesn’t allow students to write about
their worst fears immediately before an exam or presentation, students should
try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their
performance.
