45. The “ghosts” in the Midnapore forest seen by the local villagers were in fact two ____.

A. children running on fours

B. squirrels

C. young wolves with bright and sharp eyes

D. children growing up in a children’s home

44. Which of the following is a must for people to grow up?

A. Being raised by one’s own parents.

B. A good education.

C. Being raised by human in human society.

D. Fresh air and water.

43. In which of the following can you have the most choices? ____.

A. Tram Tour　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Helicopter Tours

C. Boat Tours　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Bus Tours

C

Culture means any human behavior that is learned by human society. All of the meaningful parts of a culture are passed on to different generations through “tradition” or social learning. From this viewpoint, all human groups have a culture. Culture exists in agricultural as well as industrialized societies.

Culture is necessary for the survival and existence of human beings as human beings. Practically everything humans know, think, value, feel and do is learned through taking part in a social cultural system. This statement is well supported by some well-written cases. Here’s one of the cases of children growing up apart from human society. In the province of Midnapore in India, the director of a children’s home was told by the local villagers that there were “ghosts(鬼)” in the forest. Upon looking into the case, the director found that two children, one about eight years old and the other about six years old, appeared to have been living with a group of wolves in the forest. These children were the ghosts described by the local people. In his diary, the director describes his first view of Kamala, the older, and Amana, the younger.

Kamala was a terrible being, the head, a big ball of something covering the shoulder. Close at its heels there came another terrible creature exactly like the first, but smaller in size. Their eyes were bright and sharp, unlike human eyes. They were very fond of raw milk and raw meat. Generally, as they got stronger, they began going on all fours, and afterwards began to run on all fours, just like squirrels.

Children learn human languages in the same way they learn other kinds of human behavior-by taking part in a cultural community. They learn a certain human language as well as certain kinds of human behavior through their membership in a certain cultural community.

42. Bob and his parents are traveling in Rio. His father paid nearly US$220 for a

tour. They must have chosen ____.

A. one full-day bus tour　　　　　　　　　　　 B. a 3-hour boat tour

C. a 12-minute helicopter tour　　　　　　　 D. a 3-hour tram tour

41. If you are interested in overlooking Rio, you should call ____.

A. 021/2512-9919 B. 021/2224-0313　 C. 021/2511-2141　 D. 021/2242-2354

40. If you want to go to the Sugarloaf, you had better contact ____.

A. Gray Line　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Saveiros Tour

C. Helisight　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. the Museu de Bonde

39. The passage is ____.

A. part of a book of camera instruction　　 B. an advertisement for film

C. a history of photography　　 　　　　　　　　 D. an introduction to photography

B

Bus Tours-Gray Line(tel.021/2512-9919)offers a number of tour routes: the R$88(US$29)afternoon tour of the Sugarloaf and Rio’s historic downtown is a reasonable value; theR$88(US$ 29)half-day tour(morning or afternoon)of the Corcovado is really wonderful. If your time is very limited you can also combine these two tours and see the Corcovado,Sugarloaf, and historic Rio in one full-day trip for R$220(US$72), lunch included.

Boat Tours-A 3-hour tour. Saveiros Tour(tel. 021/2224-0313)offers 3-hours tours of Guanabara Bay aboard an old wooden fishing boat. Cost is R$25(US$8.25), including snacks of fresh fruit. Departure is at 9:30 am Tuesday through Sunday from the Gloria Marina. The tour takes in Ilha Fiscal and the navy yards, has a look at the Sugarloaf from the sea, then sails across the bay to Niteroi to look at the huge Fortaleza Santa Cruz that once guarded the mouth of Guanabara Bay.

Helicopter TourS-Rio is a town where taking the high ground is rewarded. Helisight(tel.021/2511-2141)offers sightseeing tours by helicopter. Prices range from R$150(US$50)per person for a 6-minute circuit(巡游)round the statue of Christ to R$300(US$100)per person for a 12-min flight over the Christ, Botanical Gardens, Rocinha,Lagoa, Leblon, Ipanema, Copacabana, and the Sugarloaf. There’s a minimum of two to three people per flight. Tours depart from Urca Hill(half way up to the Sugarloaf)and from the shore of Lagoa(opposite the rowing stadium in Leblon).

Tram(有轨电车)Tours- Rio has two special tram tours. The Historical Tour departs at 10 am , while the Ecological Tour begins at 2 pm. Both tours are guided and run about 3 hours. For further information call the Museu de Bonde(tel. 021/2242-2354 or 021/2222-1003).

38. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The waste of film in photography is essential to the production of good pictures.

B. Film manufactures usually enjoy pictures by inexperienced photographers.

C. Only amateur photographers waste film in taking pictures.

D. The waste of film, which is the result of poor choice of subject, is expensive and unnecessary.

37. Most likely, to catch the right moment, one must ____.

A. take pictures without too much preparation

B. take a whole series of similar pictures

C. take great care to set up the situation

D. take one picture just at the right moment

36. According to the passage, one can become a better real-life photographer by____.

A. watching other photographers at work　 　　　

B. learning about famous photographers

C. just taking a great many photographs　　

D. developing skills and ideas for yourself