(F)

Directions: Read the text and then choose the most suitable heading from this list for each paragraph of the text.Note that there is one extra heading.

请将答案写在答题纸 (Answer Sheet)

A.Great leaders’ messages are always simplified
B.What must a leader be able to do with his power?
C.Timing is one of the most important aspects of leadership
D.We produce our leaders.
E.What an image should a leader have?
F.Leaders are sure to use power.

100.
 

Leadership is as much a question of timing as anything else.The leader must appear on the scene at a moment when people are looking for leadership, as Churchill did in 1940, as Roosevelt did in 1933, as Lenin did in 1917.And when he comes, he must offer a simple, eloquent message.

101.
 

Great leaders are almost always great simplifiers, who cut through argument, debate and doubt to offer a solution everybody can understand and remember.Churchill warned the British to expect “blood, toil, tears and sweat”; Roosevelt told the Americans that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”; Lenin promised the war-weary Russians peace, land and bread.Straightforward but effective messages.

102.
 

We have an image of what a leader ought to be.We even recognize the physical signs; leaders may not necessarily be tall, but they must have bigger-than-life, commanding features -- Lyndon Baines Johnson’s nose and ear lobes, Ike’s broad grin.A trade-mark also comes in handy; Lincoln’s stovepipe hat, Kennedy’s rocking chair.We expect our leaders to stand out a little, not to be like an ordinary man.Half of President Ford’s trouble lay on the fact that, if you closed your eyes for a moment, you couldn’t remember his face, figure of clothes.A leader should have an unforgettable identity, instantly and permanently fixed in people’s minds.

103.
 

A leader must know how to use power (that’s what leadership is about), but he also has to have the way of showing that he does.He has to be able to project firmness -- no physical clumsiness (笨拙) (like Ford), no rapid eye movements (like Carter).He won’t come until we’re ready for him, for the leader is like a mirror, reflecting back to us our own sense of purpose, putting into words our own dreams and hopes, transforming our needs and fears into coherent (连贯的) policies and programs.

104.
 

Our strength makes him strong; our determination makes him determined; our courage makes him a hero; he is, in the final analysis, the symbol of the best in us, shaped by our own spirit and will.And when these qualities are lacking in us, we can’t produce him; and even with all our skill at image-building, we can’t fake him.He is, after all, merely the sum of us.

(E)

There are two types of people in the world.Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes unhappy.This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds.

People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things - the pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine, the fine weather.They enjoy all the cheerful things.Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things.Therefore, they are continually dissatisfied.By their remarks, they sour the pleasure of society, offend many people, and make themselves disagreeable everywhere.If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied.The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation.It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors.The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interest and tastes.I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.

Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.Those people offend many others; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect.This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments.If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune, nobody wishes them success.Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes.If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their wrongdoings.They should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others.If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them.Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.

96.People who are unhappy ________.

    A.always consider things differently from others

    B.usually are affected by the results of certain things

    C.usually misunderstand what others think or say

    D.always discover the unpleasant side of certain things

97.The phrase “sour the pleasure of society” most nearly means _______.

    A.have a good taste with social life   B.make others unhappy

    C.tend to scold others openly   D.enjoy the pleasure of life

98.We can conclude from the passage that _________.

    A.we should pity all such unhappy people

    B.such unhappy people are dangerous to social life

    C.people can get rid of the habit of unhappiness   

    D.unhappy people can not understand happy persons

99.If such unhappy persons insist on keeping the habit, the author suggests that people should ______.

    A.prevent any communication with them     

B.show no respect and politeness to them

    C.persuade them to recognize the bad effects  

D.quarrel with them until they realize the mistakes

(D)

 Years ago, when I started looking for my first job, wise advisers advised, “Barbara, be enthusiastic! Enthusiasm will take you further than any amount of experience.” How right they were!

“Nothing great was ever achieved without enthusiasm.” wrote Ralph Waldo Emerson.It is the paste that helps you hang on there when the going gets toughIt is the inner voice that whispers, “I can do it!” When others shout, “No, you can’t!” It took years and years for the early work of Barbara McClintock, a geneticist who won the 1983 Nobel Prize in medicine, to be generally accepted.Yet she didn’t stop working on her experiments.Work was such a deep pleasure for her that she never thought of stopping.

We are all born with wide-eye, enthusiastic wonder and it is this childlike wonder that gives enthusiastic people such youthful air, whatever their age.At 90, cellist Pablo Casals would start his day by playing Bach.As the music flowed through his fingers, his stooped (弯曲的)shoulders would straighten and joy would reappear in his eyes.As author and poet Samuel Ulman once wrote, “Years wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul.”

Enthusiastic people also love what they do, regardless of money or title or power.Patricia Mcllrath, retired director of the Missouri Repertory Theater in Kansas City, was once asked where she got her enthusiasm.She replied, “My father, a lawyer, long ago told me, ‘I never made a dime until I stopped working for money.’”

If we cannot do what we love as a full-time career, we can as a hobby.Elizabeth Layton of Wellsville, Kan was 68 before she began to draw.This activity ended periods of depression that had trouble her for at least 30 years, and the quality of her work led one critic to say, “I am tempted to call Layton a genius.”

We can’t afford to waste tears on “might-have-beens”.We need to turn the tears into sweat as we go after “what-can-be”.We need to live each moment whole-heartedly, with all our senses – finding pleasure in the sweet smell of a back-yard garden, the simple picture of a six-year-old, the beauty of a rainbow.

92.The author holds the view that ______.

    A.enthusiastic people will never get old      

B.enthusiasm can make you succeed and enjoy life

    C.enthusiasm is more important than experience   

D.enthusiasm can give people more success and fame

93.Which of the following can best explain the underlined sentence in the second paragraph?

    A.Enthusiasm can give you courage and strength in difficult times.

    B.If you don’t have enthusiasm, you can achieve nothing.

    C.Enthusiastic people never consider money and fame.

    D.Enthusiastic people can gain great fame and honor.

94.The author mentions cellist Pablo Casals in the third paragraph to show that ______.

    A.music can arouse people’s enthusiasm

    B.enthusiasm can give people inspiration needed to succeed

    C.enthusiasm can make people feel young

    D.enthusiasm can keep people healthy

95.How many examples are given in the passage to show the importance of enthusiasm?

    A.Two.            B.Three.           C.Four.           D.Five.

(C)

Let us say there is something you don’t know how to do.In the past if you were determined to learn, you might have called friends or relatives, taken a night class or walked down to the local library for a research term.But now a host of websites are springing up to provide free practical advice on these subjects and actually anything else you can think of.In one sense, these “how-to” sites represent a part of the growing world of online learning.These FAQs (Frequent Answers and Questions), many of which still circulate (go round continuously), took a special subject and explained it to complete novices.But, “how-to” sites take the FAQ idea in a somewhat different direction by addressing subjects that aren’t necessarily associated with discussion forums.These sites take the style of a written tutorial and a tone of friendly advice.Possibly the biggest and best known of these sites is learn 2.com (www.learn2.com).It offers nearly 1,000 free tutorials and adds new ones frequently for a job interview.At ehow.com (www.ehow.com) you can learn how to train for your first marathon, how to buy a vacation home, or how to make a movie in eight steps.

88.The purpose of the passage is to ____.

    A.say how to learn new courses by the Internet

B.introduce new websites to netizens

    C.help you to solve any difficulty you meet with.

    D.bring new means to learn something new

89.The underline word “novices” probably means ______.

    A.people without experience               B.people with rich experience

    C.hosts of “how-to” sites                  D.beginners of “how-to” sites

90.From the passage we may guess that _____.

    A.“how-to” sites are specially designed for the disabled

    B.a deaf person can teach himself at home by visiting “how-to” sites

    C.it is pleasant to listen to the advice on “how-to” sites

    D.you can just click your mouse at home to question anything

91.If you have no tent when you decide to go camping, you may ________.

    A.visit some site else                     B.visit www.learn2.com

    C.visit www.ehow.com                D.go to the tourist company

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