2. ____________ the polluted air, the old lady always wear a mask over her face.

1. We’re well prepared to _______________ any surprise attack.

2. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily. 周阳永不会忘记他在中国日报报社第一天上班的工作任务。

Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university. 我对摄影不只是感兴趣，在大学我还专修过摄影。

Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself. 只有你见习了他们的工作以后，你才能独自进行新闻采访。

注意：下列否定词或半否定词及否定短语提到句首，句中需部分倒装。

never, seldom, hardly, rarely, scarcely, not a single…, not until…, not only…, by no means(决不)等

only+状语位于句首，主句谓语部分倒装

(1)Only by practicing a few hours every day _____ be able to waste much time.

A. you can 　　　　　 B. can you　　　　　　 C. you will　　　　　　 D. will you　

(2)Not until the early years of the19th century _____ what heat is.

A. man did know　　　 　　　　　　　　　 B. man knew　

C. didn’t man know　　　　　　　 　 D. did man know

(3)_____got into the room, _____ the telephone rang.

A. He hardly; then　　　 　　　　　　　　　 B. Hardly had he; when　

C. He had not; then　　　　　 　　　　　 D. Not had he; when

(4)______, I would have given you his address.

A. If you asked me　　　　　 　　　　　 B. You had asked me

C. Should you have asked me 　　　　　　 D. Had you asked me

(5)-Do you know Jim quarrel with his brother?

-I don’t know, _______.　

A. nor don’t I care　　　 　　　　　　　　　 B. nor do I care　

C. I don’t care neither　　 　　　　　　　　　 D. I don’t care also

[模拟试题]

1. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days. 我因为为旅行担心，前几天很不安。

worried about the journey为过去分词短语在句中充当原因状语，(＝As I was worried about the journey,). 过去分词短语在句中除了充当原因状语，还常充当时间、条件、伴随、方式、让步等状语。如：

Confused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.

＝While I was confused by the new surroundings, …. (时间)

Even if invited, I won’t go.

＝Even if I am invited, …(让步)

We will not attack unless attacked.

＝We will not attack unless we’re attacked. (条件)

例题：

(1)_________________(Exhaust), I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.

(2)___________________(worry) about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of sites she wants to see in London.

(3)___________________(see) from the moon, our earth, with water ______________(cover) seventy percent of its surface, appears as a “blue ball”.

(4)____________________(follow) the guide, we started to explore the wild forest.　 用现在分词或过去分词改写句子划线部分

(5)When she found her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.

_______________________________________, she hurried to a policeman for help.

(6)As he was lost in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

_______________________________________, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

3. suffer vi. 受痛苦；受损害 vt. 遭受；忍受

(1)感到疼痛、痛苦

He died very quickly, he didn’t suffer much. 他死得很快，没有多少痛苦。

(2)承受，遭受

You must be prepared to suffer consequences. 你要准备承担后果。

suffer from

(1)患有(疾病等)

She suffers from headache. 她患有头痛病。

(2)为……所苦，因……而吃苦头

Our business has suffered from lack of investment. 我们的生意因缺少投资而受损失。

I’m suffering from a real lack of time this week.

我这周为时间不够用而苦恼。

Mrs. White’s little boy is suffering from a bad flu bug again.

怀特太太的小孩又患上严重的感冒。

拓展：

suffer the result /heavy losses /injuries承受结果/遭受大损失/负伤

suffer from headache/illness 遭受头痛/疾病的困扰

suffer (vt. ) 和suffer from的区别：suffer 指一般的损害、痛苦等等，但suffer from指长期的或习惯性的痛苦或困难。

名词形式：suffering

例题：

_____________ heart attack for many years, he has to carry medicine with him always.

A. Suffered　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. Suffered from

C. Having suffered　 　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Suffering

2. be eager to渴望做某事，热切想做某事

be eager for sth. 渴望得到

拓展：

辨析：be eager to do sth. 与be anxious to do sth.

be eager to 指以极大的热情渴望实现愿望或达到目的

He is eager to go to college.

be anxious to do sth. 急切地希望实现愿望，但因顾虑愿望落空而心情不安，感到焦虑

I am anxious to know the final result.

例题：

(1)She __________________________ new skills so that she can be qualified for the job.

(2)He took a medical examination two days ago and now he __________________ know the result.

1. concentrate on 集中；全神贯注于

concentrate one’s mind/ attention on (upon) 把注意力集中在

With his mobile phone ringing constantly, he can’t concentrate on his work.

拓展：同义词组：fix one’ s attention on

focus on

be absorbed in

如果指较长时间的全心全意做某事，用下面短语：

put one’s heart into sth.

devote oneself to sth. /doing sth.

例题：

(1)___________________________ your study if you want to catch up with the class.

(2)He _____________________ helping the people in need. He set a good example to us.

6. remind vt. “提醒，使想起”常用于以下三种句型：

(1)remind…of…　 使想起；提醒

The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.

(2)remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事

Please remind me to return the books to the library.

(3)remind sb. that…　 提醒某人(做)某事

Please remind me that I must call her up before nine.

5. require vt. “需要；要求；命令”常用于以下四种句型：

(1)It requires that…要求；必须

It requires that I (should) give evidence.

(2)require sth. of sb. 对某人有……的要求

I’m not guilty. I only did what was required of by law.

(3)require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事

The rules requires us all to be present.

注：requirement n. 需求，要求，必要条件，需要的东西，要求必备的条件

拓展：在It is/was suggested (ordered，demanded，proposed，etc. ) 结构以及necessary，essential，important，strange，natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：

例题：

It is _________________ that all students should wear the school uniform in school, but not all students obey the requirement.

4. lack vt. 缺乏；不足；没有

lack courage/ creativity/ self-discipline / money/ time缺乏勇气、创造力、自制力、钱、时间

lack n. 用作名词构成以下词组：

for/ by / from/ through lack of 因缺乏……

The project had to be abandoned for lack of money.

no lack of不缺乏；很多

lack in在……缺乏(不足)

lacking adj. 缺少的；不足的

There is something lacking in his character.

I should say your secretary is lacking in responsibility.