21. it ;that; one 做替代词的用法

1)it 代替的是前面提到的同一事物。所代的名词可以是可数名词,也可以是不可数名词。

如: he cast his net for the first time, and drew in the body of an animal. 他撒第一网的时候打上来的是一头动物的尸体。

Hibernations is more than sleep. It is a very deep sleep. 冬眠不同于睡觉,它是一种更深沉的睡眠。

2)one 或ones 代替前面提到同名事物中任何一个。 其前面可以有冠词。 还可以被this, that, 或形容词修饰,后面可以有定语。

The population problem may be the greatest one of the world today. 人口问题可能是世界最大问题。

Which jacket is yours? The white one.

3) that 代替前面提到的名词中特指的事物,可以指代可数名词或不可数名词。

The doctor in our school is younger than that in their school.

The weather of this week is worse than that of last week.

The quality of iron produced in your factory is better than that in their factory.

4) 如果前面提到的名词是复数名词,则用they , them. Ones, those 代替。

What’s in these cups? ---There is some tea in them.

He thought it over carefully and concluded that heavy objects always fell faster than light one.

Those weren’t the right men, professor.

5) it 和that可以代替前面整个句子。而one 不能。

---We’ll try our best to catch them. ---It’s not necessary, sir.

Dr Brown said they had talked about my invention. But that was not possible.

6) 间或it 可以先出现, 用来代替后面分句中的某一名词或整个分句的意思, 而 one that 不能。

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