4. Roles of team members are accepted and there are no conflicts about expectations and responsibilities attached to each role.

Attach sth to sth: connect sth with sth; attribute sth to sth

eg.

Do you attach any importance to what he said?

3. Especially at school, it sometimes feels as if we are being asked to work in teams for the sake of just that.

For the sake of sth/sb; for sb’s/sth’s sake: in order to help sb/sth; because one likes sb/sth

eg.

I’ll help you for your sister’s sake.

For the sake of sth/doing sth: in order to get or keep sth.

eg.

We make the concessions for the sake of peace.

　　 She argues for the sake of arguing.

2. What if you feel comfortable doing a task by yourself?

What if?: what would happen if … ?

eg.

What if it rains when we can’t get under shelter?

What if the rumor is true?

1. After an investigation by the police, another colleague who is known to have stolen things in the past is suspected of having stolen the camera.

Suspect sb. of sth./ doing sth.: feel that sb. is guilty of sth. without certain proof

eg.

What made you suspect her of having taken the money?

The police suspected him of the crime.

24. The passage tells us something about _____.

A. the two main American political parties in the USA　　　

B. the political symbol of the two parties in the USA

C. the struggle between the political parties

D. the famous cartoonist Thomas Nast .

23. Thomas Nast is described as _____.

A. a member of the Democratic Party　　　　　　　 B. a member of the Republican Party

C. a person who had great effect on politics 　　 D. a person who cared for public affairs

22. The purpose of creating the donkey cartoon is to ____.

A. attract the public　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. laugh at the political leaders

C. support the Democratic Party　　　　　　　　　　　 D. show his disagreement

21.Thomas Nast was well-known for _____.

A. his political cartoon characters　　　　　　　　　　

B. the pictures of a donkey and an elephant

C. his drawings of famous people in his time 　

D. the American Political Symbols　 　　　　　 　　

20. A. made　　　　　 　　　　　 B. enjoyed　 　　　　　 　　　 C. understood　　　 　 　　 D. treated

(二)

The two main American political parties are the Democrats(民主党)and the Republicans(共和党). They are stood for by a donkey and an elephant. The reason comes from political cartoons.　These are drawings that express opinions about political parties or candidates(候选人).　Perhaps the most famous political cartoonist in American history was Thomas Nast.　He lived more than 100 years ago. Thomas Nast used his drawings to show dishonesty and the illegal(违法的)use of power in government.　His cartoons helped create public pressure on elected officials.

In 1870, newspapers supporting the Democratic Party denounced(公开指责)a former　 Republican cabinet(内阁)member.　Thomas Nast drew a cartoon in protest(抗议).　He called it “A Live Jackass Kicking A Dead Lion”.　The dead lion stood for the cabinet member who was no longer in power.　The jackass stood for the Democratic Party.　“Jackass” is an old word for someone who is stupid or foolish.　It is also another word for donkey. The picture of the donkey had been used many years earlier.　Democratic President Andrew Jackson used it as his personal political symbol, after his opponents(对手)called him a jackass.　Then it was used, sometimes, to mean the whole Democratic Party.　It became established as the party symbol when Thomas Nast used it to stood for the Democrats.

Thomas Nast himself created the elephant as a symbol of the Republican Party. He first used it in a cartoon in 1874. And he continued to use the elephant to stand for the Republicans in many other cartoons.　Soon, everyone thought of it as the Republican Party symbol.　Today, after more than 100 years, the donkey and the elephant continue to stand for America’s two major political parties.

19. A. action　　　　 　 　　　　 B. speech　　　　　 　 　　　　　　　 C. work　　　　　　 　 　　　　 D. performance