5.避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的部分不可在从句中复现。如：

　　 The factory where he works there is a large one.(应去掉there)

　　 This is the factory which we visited it last Sunday.(应去掉it)

4.选用定语从句的引导词时，不能只看先行词，重要的是看引导词在从句中充当什么成份。如：

　　 The evening that people spent singing and playing music was exciting.(充当宾语)

　　 The Summer Palace,where we spent last Sunday,is a famous place.(作状语)

　　 The islands of Britain that we visited last year are made up of four parts.(作宾语)

3.介词+关系代词

　　 (1)根据动词选择介词。有些定语从句中的介词本身是从句的一部分，这样的介词可位

于关系代词前，也可位于关系代词后，如：

　　 I don't know the foreigner with whom my teacher shook hands.

　　 (或I don't know theforeigner(whom)my teacher shook hands with.)

　　 但要注意：who和that不能直接位于介词后作宾语；有的短语动词是不能拆开的，因为这些介词存在于关系密切的固定短语中，常见的这类短语有：look for,look after等，如：

　　 This is the pencil that Ma Lili is looking for.(对)

　　 This is the pencil for which Ma Lili is looking.(错)

　　 (2)根据先行词选择介词。介词和先行之间构成习惯搭配，此时，介词一般位于关系代词之前，它和从句中的动词不存在逻辑或意义上的关系，如：

　　 He stood by the window,through which he could see what was happening outside.(the window 是介词through的逻辑宾语)

　　 (3)有时，介词+关系代词可转换为关系副词，这样的关系副词一般为when,why,where.如：

　　 This is the house in which(=where)Chairman Mao once lived.

　　 Everyome knows the reason for which(=why)the High Dam was built.

　　 I still remember the day on which(=when)we visied the temple.

2.whose引导定语从句时，从句前的先行词可以指人，也可以指物。如：

　　 A young man from our school,whose name I have forgotten,has gone to Scotland.

　　 This is the desk,whose legs we have repaired.(whose legs可改为the legs of which)

心中有数

单元语法发散思维

　　 测试中的定语从句疑难点

1.关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词要和先行词的性、数保持一致。如：

　　 This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.

　　 He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French.

　　 注意：which引导非限制性定语从句时，往往代表前面所说的整个情况。这时which被看作单数，其后的谓语动词应用单数形式。如：

　　 He said he a Frenchman,which was not true.

4.What's every baby's motto?

答案：1.wet　 2.If at first you don't succeed,try,try again.　 3.If at first you don't succeed,fly,fly again.　 4.If at first you don't succeed,cry,cry again.

3.What's a 747's motto?

2.What is a boxer's motto?

1.If you were to throw a stone into the Red Sea, what would it become?

11.of one's own;on one's own

　　 of one's own“自己的”，常作定语。on one's own“独自地，独立地”，常作状语。如：

　　 We have a house of our own.我们自己有一座房屋。

　　 He directs the film on his own.他独自导演那部影片。

妙文赏析

A Bad Neighbor

　　 Mr.and Mrs.Wu were fed up with their neighbor. He was always borrowing things

　from them.

　　 “It's not right,”Mr,Wu said to his wife one evening.“At some time or another that man thing.”

　　 “You're quite right,”hiswife replied,“and most of the thing he's never returned.”

　　 “What i want to know,”her husband said,“is why can't he buy the things he needs,like everyone else?”

　　 “Because people like us are foolish enoughto lend him what he needs,”she replied.“As long as we arewilling to lend,he'll keep on borrowing.”

　　 “Then we'll never lend him anything again,”Mr.Wu said.“The next time he asks to borrow something,I'll say no.”

　　 “We must have a good reason for saying no,”his wife said,“and we must always try to be polite to him.We don't want to make an enemy of the man.”

　　 It was not long before their decision not to lend their neighbor anything ever again was put to the test.

　　 The next morning there was a knock on the door.

　　 Mr.Wu went to answer it.

　　 Their neighbor was standing there.Mr.Wu knew he was going to ask to borrow something,and was ready to refuse him politely.

　　 “Good morning,”their neighbor said,“I'm sorry to trouble you,but I wonder if I could borrow your garden scissors.”

　　 “I'm sorry,”Mr.Wu said,“but I'm afraid my wife and I will be using them today.We'll be spending all day working in the garden.”

　　 “Oh,I see,”the neighbor said ,“in that case,may I borrow your golf clubs?You won't be needing them if you're working in the garden all day,will you?”

思维体操