4．Since we are parents, we bear the __________(重担) of looking after all the family numbers.

3．Dr. Johnson __________(从事) the task of editing an English dictionary.

2．A boat is reported to have been in __________(相撞) with an oil­tanker.

1．China has an a __________(大量的) labour　 force and natural resources.

2. I'd rather that you didn't mention that.我宁愿你不要提那件事。

would rather后常接从句，从句用一般过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟；用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。

would rather (not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事

would rather...than...(＝would...rather than...)

宁愿……也不愿……

prefer to...rather than...宁愿……也不愿……

rather than而不是

or rather更确切地说

Don't come tomorrow. I'd rather you came next weekend.

明天别来，我希望你下周再来。

I'd rather you didn't smoke in our home.

我希望你不要在家里抽烟。

[考试题]　

①(陕西质检)-Does anybody want an extra ticket to go to the movies?

-Whom would you rather ________ with you, Li Hua or me?

A．to go　 　　　　　　　　　 B．have gone

C．have to go　 　　　　　 D．have go

答案与解析：D　考查非谓语动词。would rather后跟非谓语动词时用动词不定式，而此处构成不定式的动词have是使役动词，后需跟非谓语动词作宾语补足语，此处宾语补足语表示一次性，短暂性动作，用省略to的动词不定式，选D项。

②(西安质检)-Did you go to the party last night?

-Yes，and I'd rather　 ________.It was so　 ________.

A．not go; tiresome

B．not have gone; exciting

C．not have gone; tiring

D．go; interesting

答案与解析：C　考查would rather短语。句意：是的，我宁愿没去。这个晚会太烦人了。would rather not have done sth.“宁愿没做某事，而事实上做了。”综上分析，选C项。

③(2010·广西柳州)Why not get some work experience first ________ go straight on to university?

A．rather than　 　　　　 B．or rather

C．other than　 　　　　 D．more than

答案与解析：A　rather than而不是，or rather更确切地，other than不同于，非；除了，more than多于……。

④(北京市西城区)-Does Shelly like shopping?

-Well, she would rather spend time ________ at home than ________ in the street.

A．read; wander　

B．reading; wander

C．in reading; to wander　

D．reading; to wander

答案与解析：B　此题考查固定词组的用法。据would rather do...than do...结构，第二个空填动词原形，因此排除C、D两项；据spend+时间+(in) doing排除A项。

1. Protest groups are insisting that some of our money be given to the third world.这些抵制组织坚持要把我们的一部分钱分给第三世界国家。

insist在此意为“坚持(主张)”，后面跟从句时，从句中要用虚拟语气，即从句中的谓语部分要用(should)+动词原形。课文中还出现了其他的一些词，如suggest(建议)，demand(要求)等，它们后面跟从句时，和insist一样。另外，insist on/upon doing sth.意为“坚持做某事”。

They insisted that we (should) be present at the meeting.

他们坚持要我们参加那个会议。

Tom demanded that the boss (should) pay him more.

汤姆要求老板多付他钱。

I insisted on seeing the manager as soon as possible.

我要求尽快见经理。

[解题警示]　insist表示“坚持(主张，要求)”时，从句中用(should)+动词原形。表示“坚持认为某个事实”时，从句中的谓语形式应与主句一致。另外，suggest也是如此，表示“建议”时，后面从句中谓语用(should)+动词原形；表示“暗示；表明”时，从句中的谓语形式也应与主句一致。

13. abolish vt.废除，取消

abolish a ban取消禁令

abolish a post撤消一个职位

abolish old rules取消旧规则

abolish the death penalty废除死刑

Slavery was abolished in the US in the 19th　 century.

奴隶制在19世纪的美国被废除。

Should we abolish the death penalty?

我们应当废止死刑吗？

[词语辨析]　abolish与cancel

①abolish常用于旧的法律规章、风俗习惯、社会制度等，强调彻底废除。

②cancel常用于契约、合同、约束、个人债务、安排、计划、会议或假期。通常指令其失去效力或取消已有的安排。

[预测题]　⑧I phoned the hotel to ________ my reservation.

A．stop　 　　　　　　　　　 B．prevent

C．cancel　 　　　　 D．abolish

答案与解析：C　既然是预订了房间，说明现在打电话是取消预订，cancel常指取消已有的安排；abolish废除(规章、风俗，制度等)；prevent阻止；stop阻止，终止，均不妥。

[用abolish或cancel的适当形式填空]

⑨This tax should be __________.

⑩I'm afraid I will have to __________ our meeting tomorrow.

12. on principle原则上

on all sides在各方面，到处，四面八方

on (an) average平均

on balance总而言之

on business因公出差

on campus在校内

on duty值班

on earth究竟

on end竖着，连续地

on fire起火，非常激动

on hand在手头，即将发生，在场

on time按时

He doesn't invest in the stock market on principle.

原则上他不投资股市。

[考试题]　⑦(江苏东台)Everyone present at the meeting agreed to stick to the ________ that everyone should be treated fairly.

A. purpose　 　　　　　　 B. ambition

C. principle　 　　　　　　 D. level

答案：C

11. be sentenced to 被判处……(徒刑)

sentence sb. to death 判处某人死刑

sentence sb. to three months in prison

判处某人3个月监禁

a sentence of six months in prison 判刑6个月

get a life sentence 被判无期徒刑

serve a sentence 服刑

　[解题警示]　sentence用作动词时意为“判决；宣判”；用作名词时意为“刑罚”。

10. undertake v．允诺；承担，从事，负责

undertake to do sth.答应做某事

undertaking n．事业，保证，企业

undertaker n．承办者，承担者

John undertook to finish the job by Friday.

John答应星期五之前完成这项工作。

[考试题]　⑥(河南濮阳)If you ________ this task, you must be ready to suffer from hardship.

A．apply　 　　　　　 B．experience

C．undertake　 　　　　　 D．command

答案与解析：C　apply应用；experience经历；undertake承担；command命令。句意：如果你承担这项任务，你一定要做好遭受困难的准备。C项符合句意。