4.对由until引起的短语或从句强调，要注意否定前移，例如：

　　 I didn‘t learn it until yesterday.

　　 写成强调句型应该是：

It was not until yesterday that I learned it.

He didn’t come back until his wife fell asleep.

It was not until his wife fell asleep that he came back.

注意：

it is he who is late.

It is him that was beaten in the game.

It is Tom and Peter that are late.

It is I who am wrong.

It is you who are wrong.

It is three years since she left.

It is for three years that she has been waiting.

It is not long before they got married.

It is in 1987 that the factory was founded.

It is 1987 when the factory was founded.

It was not for several years that he had a chance of meeting her again.

强调句的特殊疑问形式

who broke the window?

Why are you late?

When will he come here?

Where did you find the key?

Who was it that broke the window?

Why is it that you are late?

Where was it that you found your key?

When is it that he will come?

Who was ____ that stole the bike？ 　A．it B．that C．he D．this 　此题应选A。这是强调句的特殊疑问句形式，做这类题考生最容易出错的在于不能识别这是强调句。比较： 　a．It was Mary that said that．(对Mary提问) 　→ Who was it that said that？ 　b． It was in 1949 that he joined the Party．(对 in 1949提问) 　→ When was it that he joined the Party？ 　请做以下各题： 　1．Who was it ____ put so many large stones on the road？ 　 A．this B．that C．he D．she 　2．What was it ____ he lost on the bus the day before yesterday？ 　 A．this B．that C．what D．when 　3．When was ____ that the general manager left for Japan？ 　 A．he B．it C．that D．since 　4．Why was ____ that the old woman was sent to prison？ 　 A．he B．it C．that D．because 　5．What a silly mistake it is ____ you've made! 　 A．it B．this C．that D．which

　　 在中学英语课本中还多次出现"What…be…"结构的句型(简称wh-type强调

句)，它同样具有很浓的强调意 味，例如：

　　 What we need is more time.(SBI,P126)

　　 我们需要更多的时间。

　　 我们可以用对待It-type强调句的方法，把"What…be…"作为一个框架而划

去，所剩的也是一个完整的句子 ：We need more time.

　　 不同的是，what和be在句子中都可以担任成份。上面这个句子可以看成是

What引导一个主语从句，而be则 是系动词，后接表语。

　　 Wh-type强调句可用来强调主语、宾语、表语，例如：

　　 But what surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated

on the benches at the end of the room.(SBII,P166)

　　 But what he was really interested in was beautiful paintings.(高中起始本SB, P170)

　　 What I feel is hungry.

　　 wh-type强调句还可以通过使用代动词do来强调句中的谓语动词或作宾语

补足语的非谓语动词，例如：

　　 What I did was (to) turn off the tap.

　　 What I want you to do is (to) clean the room. 我要你做的就是打扫房间。

　　 注意，这一句型中be后面作表语的不定式可以省略to，如果所强调的动词

是进行体，那么be之后用-ing形 式和它相配，例如：

　　 What I’m doing is teaching him a lesson.

　　 Wh-type强调句中的what从句，间或也作表语，例如：

This was what they had posted on the bulletin board then!

This was what the black smith was reading!

　　 原来贴在布告牌上的就是这么回事！铁匠在看的原来就是这个！

　　 Wh-type强调句的wh-从句，有时可能是以who, where或when引起的，它们

通常只用作表语，例如：

　　 The headmaster was who I meant. 我指的就是校长。

　　 Here is where the accident took place. 这儿就是事故发生的地方。

　　 (On) Saturday is when the housewives are busiest.

　　 星期六是家庭主妇们最忙的日子。

　　 另外也值得一提的是"A is A"这一结构的强调句型，这类句子的语势是很强

的，例如：

　　 You are quite right. Teacher is teacher. 你说得完全对，老师毕竟是老师。

　　 Business is business. One can‘t too particular. 公事公办，谁也不能特殊。

　　 当名词前带有修饰语时，表语常含有"真正的"的意思，例如：

　　 Spoken English is English.　 英语口语才是真正的英语。

　　 A friend in need is a friend indeed.(JBII,P5) 患难朋友才是真朋友。

　　 这种句型中的A，如果是who, what, which,则具有"分辨出"的意思，常作

动词tell, know等动词的宾语，例 如：

　　 The two brothers are so nearly alike that I can’t tell who is who.

　　 这两兄弟长得太相象了，我简直区分不了。

　　 He‘s very clear and knows what’s what. 他很聪明，懂得是非曲直。

　　 (作者单位：惠水民族中学)

典型例题 1) It was last night ___ I see the comet. A.　the time　B.　when　 C.　that　D.　which 2)It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to Canada. A. that　B. when　 C. since　 D. as

3).-Where was it ___the road accident happened yesterday? -In front of the market. A. when B. that C. which D. how

4)__ that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.

　A) During the 1960's 　　　B) It was in the 1960's　

　C) That it was in the 1960's 　 D) It was the 1960's

5) It was the whole morning that the old man spent _____ the old clock at home.

　　 A. repaired　 　 B. repairing　 C. to repair　 D. in repair

The old man spent the whole morning ____ the old clock at home.

6) It was about 600 years ago ______ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.　 [97 年全国高考试题]

A. that　　　　　 B. until　　　　 C. before　　　 D. when

7) ____ that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point. 　A) During the 1960's 　　　B) It was in the 1960's 　C) That it was in the 1960's 　 D) It was the 1960's

8) Where did you meet Alice？ 　　 It was in the cinema __ we used to go.

　　 A.that 　B.where 　C.which 　D.how

3.It-type强调句可强调so that引起的目的状语从句，但不能强调so that

引起的结果状语从句，例如：

　　 The six blind men asked the driver to stop the beast so that they could have a "look". 六个盲人要求赶象人让这头巨兽停下来，以便他们能"看一看"。

　　 可强调为：

　　 It was so that they could have a "look" that the six blind men asked the driver to stop the beast.

　 　下面这个句子则不可以强调：

　　 He didn‘t plan his time well, so that he didn’t finish the work in time.

2.It-type强调句可强调because引导的原因状语从句，但不可强调as, since引导的原因状语从句，例如：

　　 I do it because I like it.因为我喜欢，我才干。

　　 可强调为：

　　 It is because I like it that I do it.

　　 下面这个句子则不可以强调：

　　 Since no one is against it, we’ll adopt the proposal.

1.条件，让步状语从句不能强调，例如：

　　 If it rains, we won’t go out. 如果下雨，我们就不出去。

　　 We‘ll try to finish the work in time though we are short of man power.

　　 不能强调为：

　　 It is if it rains that we won’t go out.

　　 It is though we are short of manpower that we‘ll try to finish the work in time.

10．用破折号、黑体字也可以表示强调，加强语气：

It’s because of hard work-ten years of hard work．

那是因为艰苦的工作--十年艰苦的工作！

He began the work in late May．他在五月底开始的这项工作。(强调时间)

(江苏 陈力铭 崔艳)

常考的强调句结构是it 引导的句子。 　 It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。 　 此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语和状语。

It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.(SBI,P28)

Not only blind men make such stupid mistakes.

　　 It was the goat‘s eyes that he had seen in the darkness.(SBI,P211)

It is from the sun that we get light and heat. 　It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs. 　原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 　强调主语： It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening. 　强调宾语： It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday evening. 　强调时间： It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the lab. (注意不用when) 　强调地点： It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday evening. 　有几个方面是必须注意的：

9．用If来表示强调：

　1)If从句+I don’t know who／what，etc．does／is／has，etc．；主语部分也可以用nobody does／is／has，etc．或everybody does／is／has，et c．来代替(这里的if从句往往是正话反说，反话正说)：

　If he can’t do it，I don’t know who can．要是他做不了这件事，我不知道还有谁能做。(强调只有他能做)

　If Jim is a coward，everybody is．要是吉姆是个胆小鬼，那么人人都是胆小鬼。(强调吉姆不是胆小鬼)

　2)if从句+it be主句(此用法可看成是第8中强调句型的变形，即把所要强调的内容放在it be的后面，把其它内容放在由if引导的从句中)：

　If anyone knew the truth，it was Tom．如果说谁了解事实的真相，那便是汤姆。

If there is one thing he loves，it is money．

如果说世界上还有他爱的东西，那便是金钱。

8．用强调句型：“It is(was)+被强调的部分+that(who)+原句其它部分”来强调说话人的意愿：

　It was on Monday night that all this happened．所有这一切发生在周一晚上。

　It’s me that he blamed．他怪的是我。

7．用倒装句(也就是将要强调的句子或被强调的部分置于句首)来加强语气：

　On the table were some flowers．桌上摆着一些花。(强调地点)

　Many a time have I climbed that hill．我多次翻过那座山。

　Only in this way，can we solve this problem．只有这样，我们才能解决这个问题。

6．用重复来表示强调：

　Why！why！The cage is empty！啊！啊！箱子是空的。

　They walked for miles and miles．他们走了好多英里。

5．用感叹句来表示强烈的感情，突出说话人的情感：

　How interesting a story it is！这是一个多么有趣的故事啊！

　Oh，what a lie！啊，真是弥天大谎！