54.　 To positively influence employees a leader should first of all ________.

A. provide better suggestions　　　　　　　 B. develop his own personality

C. five his employees a pay raise　　　　　 D. hide his own emotion of fear

53. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. People tend to associate leadership with fear

B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health

C. Good relationship is the key to business success

D. Smart people are more functional in the work place.

52. An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when ________.

A. he is forced to do things

B. be cannot work at his best

C. he feels his brain shut down

D. he thinks of his work as too heavy

51. The study proves that ________.

　 A. meditation improves one’s health

　 B. brain activity can be recorded

　 C. human attention can be trained

　 D. mediators have a good sense of hearing

答案　 48. D　 49.B　 50.A　 51.C

Passage 41

(07·天津E篇)

When we think of leadership ,we often think of strength and power .But what are these really ,and how do they operate?

Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must ,but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term ,They will also experience fear.

Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best .If they associate you with this emotion of fear. They will become less functional around you ,and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot .but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively .Fear has no place in leadership.

The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion .We can order someone to do something ,which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level ,so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). Today’s work place is all about relationships

Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they are recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker.. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work .They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people.

The true strength of leadership　 is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence---knowing your own emotions , and how to handle them ,and those of others . Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.

50. In the experiment ,volunteers doing meditation for longer hours ________.

A. were more likely to catch both of the members

　 　 B. were used to memorizing numbers in groups

　 　 C. usually ignored the first number observed

　 　 D. paid more attention to numbers than to letters

49.　 Meditations manage their daily tasks better because they ________.

A. are given less pressure 　　　　　 　　　　　　B. allocate their attention better

C. have more stimuli for life 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　D. practice them more frequently

48.　 The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.

A. feelings　　 　　　 　　B. minds　 　　 　　　　C. people　 　　　　　　　　 D. thoughts

62. In the last paragraph,”that process”means ___

A. analyzing species　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. creating a new tool

C. collecting data　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. describing species

答案　 60. B　 61.C　　 62.C

Passage 40

(07·天津D篇)

In meditation(冥想)，people sit quietly and focus their attention on their breath .As they breathe in and out ,they attend to their feelings .As thoughts go through their minds. they let them go. Breathe. Let go. Breathe. Let go.

According to a recent study at the Insight Meditation Society in Barre, Massachusetts, three months of training in this kind of meditation causes a market change in how the brain allocates(分配) attention. It appears that the ability to let go thoughts that come into mind frees the brain to attend to more rapidly changing things and events in the outside world. Expert mediators are better than other people at catching such fast-changing stimuli( 刺激),like facial expressions.

The study provides evidence for changes in the workings of the brain with mental training. People can learn and improve abilities of all sorts with practice. everything from driving to playing the piano. The study has shown that meditation is good for the brain ,It appears to reduce pressure and promote a sense of well-being.

In an experiment ,17 volunteers with no meditation experience in the experimental group spent three months meditating 10 to 12 hours a day .A control group also with no meditation experience meditated for 20 minutes a day over the same period .Both groups were then given the tests with two numbers in a group of letters. As both group looked for the numbers ,their brain activity was recorded.

Everyone could catch the first number .But the brain　 recordings showed that the less experienced mediators tended to grasp the first number and hang onto it ,so they missed the second number .Those with more experience gave less attention to the first number .as if letting it go ,which led to an increased ability to grasp the second number ,This shows that attention can change with practice.

Just ask Daniel Levision, who meditated for three months as part of the study .”I am a much better listener,” he said. “I do not get lost in my own personal reaction to what people are saying.”

61.One characteristic of the EoL is that ____

A. it is run by school students

B. it focuses on different types of grass

C. it provides different levels of information

D.it allows non-scientists to review its data

60.The Web based EoL aims to ___

A. fine out what covers the earth

B. list all living things on Earth

C.work out the number of birds

D.save the existing plants