49. Why are some mental aerobic exercises designed to engage people in multitasking?

　　 A. To make them more productive.　　　　 B. To reduce their stress and anxiety.

C. To develop their communication skills.　 D. To help them perform daily tasks more easily.　　

答案：A

解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，作者提出：“In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises (大脑训练) involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time.”，之后用although引出转折，这种训练有时并不能productive。所以选择A。有部分人认为这种大脑的训练能够帮助他们高效的工作。

48. 答案：D

考点：作者的写作目的

解析：本文主要让读者了解这类健康、环保、经济类住房。

Passage 11

(10·浙江C篇)

The term “multitasking” originally referred to a computer’s ability to carry out several tasks at one time. For many people, multitasking has become a way of life and even a key to success. In fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises (大脑训练) involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time. Although checking e-mail while talking on a phone and reading the newspaper may be second nature for some people, many times multitasking can make us less productive, rather than more. And studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss.

　 In order to multitask, the brain uses an area known as the prefrontal cortex (前额叶脑皮层). Brian scans of volunteers performing multiple tasks together show that as they shift from task to task, this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks. You may have experienced a prefrontal cortex “moment of rest” yourself if you’ve ever dialed (拨电话) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you dialed when the line is answered. What probably occurred is that between the dialing and the answering, your mind shifted to anther thought or task, and then took that “moment” to come back. Research has also shown that for many volunteers, job efficiency (效率) declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time.

　 Multitasking is easiest when at least one of the tasks is habitual, or requires little thought. Most people don’t find it difficult to eat and read the newspaper at the same time. However, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes.

　 We often don’t remember things as well when we’re trying to manage several details at the same time. Without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. That is one of the main reasons we forget people’s names---even sometimes right after they have introduced themselves. Multitasking can also affect our relationships. If someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested. It can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them.

　 本篇文章是一篇说明文。

47. 答案：B

考点：细节理解

解析：依据文章第四段第二句：Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing..可得出答案

46. 答案：A

考点：细节理解

解析：依据文章第三段倒数第二句：Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs.可得到答案。句意为“达到这一标准会将建筑成本提高2%，但很快会被它的低成本运行成本补回”

45. 答案：C

考点：作者的写作意图

解析：从第一段最后两句，作者描述开水房仅是从一个侧面展示整个建筑群的节能，环保，可以得出答案。

48. What is the main purpose of this text? _{w_w w. k#s5_}

A.　 To call on people to pay more attention to housing problems.

B.　 To prove that some standards are needed for affordable housing.

C.　 To ask society to help homeless people and low-income families.

D.　 To introduce healthy, environmentally clever-and affordable housing.

语篇解读：本篇文章为科技说明文。作者以Fox Point居住群的boiler rooms为切入点，阐述此类房子的环保节能的优点，以及各城市特别是纽约队建造此类建筑的积极响应。

47. It can be learned from the text that,　　　　　　

A.　 New York City is seriously polluted _{w_w*w.k_s*5_}

B.　 people’s daily life causes many carbon emissions in New York City

C.　 a great number of people in New York City don't have houses to live in

D.　 some other cities have developed more affordable housing than New York City

46. What is an advantage of the buildings meeting the Green Communities Standards?

A.　 Lower running costs. _{w_w*w.k_s*5_}

B.　 Costing less in construction.　　

C.　 Less air to be lost in hot days.

D.　 Better prices for homeless people.

45. What is the purpose of describing the boiler room in the first paragraph? _{w_w w. k#s5_}

A.　 To explain the measures the city takes to care for poor people.　

B.　 To suggest that affordable housing is possible in all areas.

C.　 To show how the environment-friendly building works.

D.　 To compare old and new boiler rooms.

72. B. 此题线索为第二三段的内容。 73. D. 74. C. 可从文章第六段直接得出答案。 75. D. 通读全文可知整篇文章讨论的是太阳运动所可能会带来的困扰。

Passage 10

(10·四川B篇)

Boiler rooms are often dirty and steamy, but this one is clean and cool. Fox Point is a very new47-unit living building in South Bronx, one of the city’s poorest areas. Two-thirds of the people living there are formerly (以前) homeless people, whose rent is paid by the government. The rest are low-income families.　 The boiler room has special equipment, which produces energy for electricity and heat. It reuses heat that would otherwise be lost to the air, reducing carbon emissions(碳排放)while also cutting costs.

　Fox Point is operated by Palladia, a group that specializes in providing housing and services to needy, people. Palladia received support from Enterprise Community Partners (ECP), which helps build affordable housing by providing support to housing developers. _{w_w*w.k_s*5_}

ECP has created national standards for healthy, environmentally (环境方面) clever and affordable homes which are called, the Green Communities Standards. These standards include water keeping, energy saving and the use of environmentally friendly building materials.　 Meeting the standards increases housing construction costs by 2%, which is rapidly paid back by lower running costs. Even the positioning of a window to get most daylight can help save energy.

Michael. Bloomberg, New York's mayor, plans to create 165,000 affordable housing units for500,000 New Yorkers. Almost 80% of New York City’s greenhouse-gas emissions come from buildings, and 40% of those are caused, by housing.. So he recently announced that the city’s Department of Housing and Preservation and Development (DHPD) , whose duty is to develop and keep the city’s supply of affordable housing, will require all its new projects to follow ECP’s green standards. _{w_w*w.k_s*5_}

Similar measures have been taken by other cities such as Cleveland and Denver, but New York’s DHPD is the largest city developer of affordable housing in the country.